萝北某石墨尾矿提取石墨制备石墨烯实验研究  

Experiment Study on Preparation of Graphene by Extracting Graphite from Graphite Tailings in Luobei

作　　者：孟凡娜 张海军 张晓臣[2] 阚侃[2] MENG Fanna;ZHANG Haijun;ZHANG Xiaochen;KAN Kan(School of Mining Engineering,Heilongjiang University of Science Technology,Harbin 150022,Heilongjiang,China;Institute for Advanced Technology of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150001,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江科技大学矿业工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150022 [2]黑龙江省科学院高技术研究院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《矿产保护与利用》2025年第1期70-76,共7页Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：黑龙江省重点研发计划项目(2024ZX06A04);黑龙江省属本科高校基本科研业务费项目(2024-KYYWF-1078);黑龙江省科学院重点研发计划项目(KY2024GJD03);黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目(CZKYF2024-1-B039,CZKYF2025-1-B032)。

摘　　要：石墨烯独特的结构特性与优异的理化性质,使其具有广阔的应用前景。以萝北某石墨尾矿为对象,采用粉碎、超声剥离、重力沉降,提取石墨尾矿中石墨微纳米片,然后进行提纯剥离制备石墨烯。结果表明,研磨获得d50为2.5μm左右的尾矿颗粒,超声剥离处理6 min,重力沉降进行石墨富集,获得石墨微片碳含量最高达9.72%,石墨回收率达80.01%,石墨微片经提纯后得到固定碳含量为98.1%、层数约为20层左右的石墨微纳米片。采用高压微射流均质机进行剥离制备多层石墨烯,石墨微片、水及分散剂配比为0.2 mg:1 mL:0.001 mg,高压微射流均质机的压力80 MPa,进行高压分散循环25次后,剥离得到的石墨烯片厚度在10层以下、片径在3μm以上,制成具有较高晶体质量的石墨烯。石墨尾矿制备石墨烯既有利于拓展石墨烯原料范围又有利于实现石墨尾矿的资源化利用。Graphene shows promising prospects due to its unique structural characteristics and excellent physicochemical properties.In this paper,graphite tailings in Luobei were taken as the research object,and graphite nano/microsheets were extracted from graphite tailings by grinding,ultrasound and gravitational settlement,followed by purification and exfoliation to prepare graphene.The results demonstrated that after subjecting ground graphite tailings particles with d50 of approximately 2.5μm to 6 min ultrasonic exfoliation treatment followed by graphite enrichment through gravitational settlement,the resulting graphite microflakes exhibited a carbon content as high as 9.72%with a graphite recovery rate of 80%.After purification,graphite nano/microsheets were obtained with fixed carbon content of 98.1%and about 20 layers.Finally,the high pressure microjet homogenizer was used to exfoliate and prepare multi-layer graphene.The ratio of graphite nano/microsheets,water and dispersant was 0.2 mg∶1 mL∶0.001 mg,and the pressure of the high pressure microjet homogenizer was 80 MPa.After 25 high-pressure dispersion cycles,the thickness of the graphene sheets was less than 10 layers and the diameter of the sheets was more than 3μm to produce graphene with high crystal quality.The preparation of graphene from graphite tailings not only expands the range of graphene raw materials but also realizes the resource utilization of graphite tailings.

关 键 词：石墨尾矿 超声剥离 重力沉降 石墨微纳米片 高压微射流均质机 石墨烯 

分 类 号：TD926.4[矿业工程—选矿]