2021年吉林省两市中小学生视力不良情况分析  

Analysis of poor visual acuity among primary and secondary school students in two cities of Jilin Province in 2021

作　　者：黄丽娜 张丽薇[1] 张晶波[1] 吕乐[1] 栾博[1] 张新刚[1] Huang Lina;Zhang Liwei;Zhang Jinbo;LüLe;Luan Bo;Zhang Xingang(Center for Disease Control and Prevevtion of Jilin Province,Changchun,Jilin 130062,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省疾病预防控制中心,吉林长春130062

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2025年第1期122-124,139,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：目的了解2021年大安市、龙井市中小学生视力不良情况,为吉林省制定和调整中小学生视力干预策略提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样法,在大安市、龙井市各抽取8所学校,从小学一年级至初中三年级,以教学班为单位,每个年级抽取1~2个班,保证每个年级参加监测的学生数量达到40人左右,男女人数各占一半,进行视力监测。结果2021年大安市、龙井市中小学生视力不良检出率为66.72%。总体视力不良检出率随年龄增长呈上升趋势,轻度视力不良检出率随年龄增长呈下降趋势,重度视力不良检出率随年龄增长呈上升趋势。女生视力不良检出率(70.42%)高于男生(63.04%),初中生视力不良检出率(77.16%)高于小学生(61.24%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论大安市、龙井市中小学生视力不良检出率处于较高水平,要重点关注女生、高年级学生的视力不良情况,采取积极干预措施,预防视力不良情况的发生。Objective To understand the poor visual acuity of primary and secondary school students in Da’an City and Longjing City in 2021,and to provide a scientific basis for developing and adjusting visual acuity intervention strategies for primary and secondary school students in Jilin Province.Methods A stratified whole group sampling method was used to monitor the visual acuity in eight schools in Da’an City and Longjing City,from the first grade of primary school to the third grade of secondary school,1-2 classes were selected from each grade based on the teaching class,ensuring the number of students participating in monitoring for each grade reached around 40,half of each sex,for vision monitoring.Results The detection rate of poor visual acuity was 66.72%in primary and secondary school students in Da’an City and Longjing City in 2021.The overall detection rate of poor visual acuity showed an increasing trend with age,the detection rate of mild poor visual acuity showed a decreasing trend with age,and the detection rate of severe poor visual acuity showed an increasing trend with age.The detection rate of poor visual acuity was higher in girls(70.42%)than in boys(63.04%),and the detection rate of poor visual acuity was higher in secondary schools(77.16%)than in primary schools(61.3%),and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of poor visual acuity among primary and secondary school students in Da’an City and Longjing City is at a high level,and it is important to focus on poor visual acuity in girls and upper grades and take active interventions to prevent the continued development of poor visual acuity.

关 键 词：中小学生 视力不良 干预 

分 类 号：R187[医药卫生—流行病学]