论云南高原岩溶大水矿区地下水系统的复杂性  

Study on complexity of groundwater systems in the karst mining areas with abundant water on the Yunnan plateau

作　　者：王宇 WANG Yu(Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area,MNR,Kunming,Yunnan 650216,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area,Kunming,Yunnan 650216,China;Yunnan Geological Survey,Kunming,Yunnan 650051,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部高原山地地质灾害预报预警与生态保护修复重点实验室,云南昆明650216 [2]云南省高原山地地质灾害预报预警与生态保护修复重点实验室(筹),云南昆明650216 [3]云南省地质调查局,云南昆明650051

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2024年第6期1223-1234,共12页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目课题(2016YFC0502502);云南省地质灾害综合防治体系建设专项计划项目(2013−2020)。

摘　　要：岩溶大水矿区地下水系统的复杂性是指系统及其环境的构成元素、组织结构、影响因子及其相互联系和交互作用的多元性、非线性、随机性所导致的无序、突变、探测与推断误差较大的特性。文章从地下水系统的边界条件、水文地质结构、含水介质性状、开采影响效应四个方面系统论述了岩溶大水矿区地下水系统的复杂性,并通过典型实例分析,提供了岩溶大水矿区地下水系统复杂性的实证,以及对岩溶大水矿区地下水系统复杂性特征的形象化描述。根据对岩溶大水矿区地下水系统复杂性的系统认识,结合矿区水文地质勘查实践中的问题,讨论了现行规范中水文地质条件复杂程度评价指标优化调整及评价标准定量化的意见,以及水文地质条件复杂矿区勘探控制程度的合理评价尺度,同时对规范的修订和完善提出了建议。A mining area with abundant water usually refers to the mine with a pit water inflow greater than 10,000 m3·d−1.In view of the unevenness of the water-richness of karst aquifers and the poor accuracy of predicting water inflow,the definition of a mining area with abundant water should not be confined to the specific values of water inflow.Instead,it should be defined mainly based on the conditions of high water-richness,abundant recharge and pipeline flow of aquifers.According to the standard of hydrogeological terminology,a hydrogeological unit is defined as a groundwater system characterized by uniform recharge boundaries and conditions of recharge,runoff,and discharge.The groundwater systems described in this paper belong to the same object and category.The Yunnan plateau refers to the western section of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,and,in a broad sense,encompasses Yunnan Province,which covers an area of 39.4×10^(4) km^(2).The karst contiguous areas on the Yunnan plateau are mainly located in the east area of 102°E and north of the Yuanjiang river in eastern Yunnan,and the northwest and the west from Baoshan to Cangyuan.These karst contiguous areas total 11.09×10^(4) km^(2),corresponding to the upper Yangtze massif,South China massif,Sanjiang orogenic belt and Tengchong orogenic belt,with superior mineralization conditions and abundant mineral resources.Historically,minerals in karst areas are primarily exploited above the erosion base.The mountainous terrain typically facilitates natural drainage,which has led to a lack of emphasis on and research into the complexity of groundwater systems in mining areas.With the growing economic and social demands,the exploration areas and mining areas are continually expanded,and are increasingly extending to deeper areas.Some deposits with abundant water that were previously challenging in exploitation have been developed.This shift has transformed hydrogeological conditions,evolving from simple to complex or even extremely complex scenarios.As a result,the challenges

关 键 词：水文地质 岩溶矿区 地下水系统 复杂性 坑道涌水 勘探程度 

分 类 号：P641[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P694[天文地球—地质学]