洱海流域天然出露矿泉水资源特征及远景评价  

Characteristics and prospective evaluation of natural mineral water resources in the Erhai lake basin

作　　者：王波 赵莉 陈晓梅 朱广毅 张高引 WANG Bo;ZHAO Li;CHEN Xiaomei;ZHU Guangyi;ZHANG Gaoyin(Yunnan Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring,Kunming,Yunnan 650216,China;Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area,MNR,Kunming,Yunnan 650216,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area,Kunming,Yunnan 650216,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省地质环境监测院,云南昆明650216 [2]自然资源部高原山地地质灾害预报预警与生态保护修复重点实验室,云南昆明650216 [3]云南省高原山地地质灾害预报预警与生态保护修复重点实验室(筹),云南昆明650216

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2024年第6期1275-1286,共12页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目:滇西北地区生态地质调查(编号:DD2019);2023年度部省合作试点项目:高原山区露天矿山生态修复成效评估技术方法研究(自然资科技函〔2024〕182号)。

摘　　要：为合理规划洱海流域矿泉水资源开发,避免过度开采,保障其可持续利用,需要深入研究洱海流域矿泉水资源特征及成因。文章依托地质调查项目,对矿泉水资源的水化学特征、分布情况及形成条件进行分析,通过系统归纳、类比分析、勘查实例举证等得知,流域矿泉水类型为偏硅酸饮用矿泉水、微量元素饮用矿泉水及理疗矿泉水,主要分布于流域西部断裂褶皱发育、地层岩性变化频繁及岩浆岩广布区域。矿泉水偏硅酸含量普遍较高,按形成条件主控因素可分为断裂带对流型和潜流溶滤型2种成因类型,前者多为优质理疗矿泉水,后者主要为偏硅酸饮用矿泉水。流域矿泉水资源丰富,现状开采利用率低,开采潜力大。文章对流域矿泉水资源特征进行分析并开展远景评价,科学制定保护和开发策略,研究成果可为维持流域生态平衡、维护生物多样性、促进区域经济与环境协调发展提供依据。The Erhai lake basin is an area with a beautiful ecological environment and important cultural and economic value in Southwestern China;therefore,in-depth studies on mineral water resources in this region hold farreaching significance in ecology,environment,economy and society.This study is based on the project of the investigation of hydrogeological elements of typical wetland environment in the Erhai lake basin,located in northwest Yunnan.It systematically summarizes,organizes,and analyzes various factors,including landforms,stratigraphy and lithology,geological structure,climate,and water quality,based on extensive investigations and sampling tests.By examining the characteristics of mineral water resources,this study elucidates their water quality,quantity,and distribution patterns.Through a long-term evaluation,it forecasts the development potential and sustainable utilization prospects of these mineral water resources,thereby providing robust support for ecological protection,sustainable water resource utilization,economic development,and social stability in the Erhai lake basin.The mineral water resources in the basin encompass drinking mineral water containing both metasilicic acid and trace elements,and therapeutic mineral water.These resources are primarily distributed in a belt-like pattern across the western part of the basin,exhibiting higher abundance in the northwest and lower abundance in the southeast.They are more prevalent in mountainous areas and less so in the basin.These mineral water resources are typically located in regions with well-developed faults and folds,frequent variations in stratigraphic lithology,and a widespread presence of magmatic rocks.In terms of water quality characteristics,mineral water typically contains a high concentration of metasilicic acid.In areas with carbonate rocks,drinking mineral water often contains trace elements such as Sr and Zn.Conversely,in basalt regions,mineral water rich in metasilicic acid is more common.For therapeutic mineral water,both the concen

关 键 词：洱海流域 矿泉水资源 地下水 地质构造 开采潜力 

分 类 号：P641.5[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]