云南泸西皮家寨大泉壅水水位变化特征研究  

Study on the variation characteristics of backwater levels of the Pijiazhai karst spring in Luxi county,Yunnan

作　　者：周翠琼 柴金龙 张贵 王宇 何绕生 王劲 李继红 ZHOU Cuiqiong;CHAI Jinlong;ZHANG Gui;WANG Yu;HE Raosheng;WANG Jin;LI Jihong(Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area,MNR,Kunming,Yunnan 650216,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area,Kunming,Yunnan 650216,China;Yunnan Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring,Kunming,Yunnan 650216,China;Yunnan Geological Survey,Kunming,Yunnan 650051,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部高原山地地质灾害预报预警与生态保护修复重点实验室,云南昆明650216 [2]云南省高原山地地质灾害预报预警与生态保护修复重点实验室(筹),云南昆明650216 [3]云南省地质环境监测院,云南昆明650216 [4]云南省地质调查局,云南昆明650051

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2024年第6期1287-1294,共8页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划专项(2016YFC0502502)。

摘　　要：皮家寨岩溶大泉位于泸西盆地上游盆地底部边缘,泉流量1072~1957 L·s^(-1),动态较稳定。采用钻探、物探、壅水试验等方法对皮家寨大泉水位开展研究,结果表明:泸西盆地边缘的皮家寨大泉具一定的承压性;泉口壅水时周边水位升幅、响应时间与距离无直接关系,而受岩溶发育及连通程度控制,各向异性明显;泉口上游含水介质结构以溶隙-管道结构为主,壅水时水位升幅较大、响应较快,初期会形成2~3 h的地下水“涌浪”现象,多表现为初期水位快速上升而达到最大值,随后出现短时下降,之后再逐渐上升达到稳定值的“双峰型”;泉口下游含水介质结构以溶隙网络结构为主,壅水时水位升幅一般较小,响应较慢,多表现为较均匀上升的“直线型”。泉口壅水高度控制在一定范围内时,不会引起流量明显减小。工程实践结果,泉口水头抬升4.4 m时流量未减小。The Pijiazhai karst spring is located at the edge of the upstream Luxi basin,where the terrain shifts from steep to gentle slopes.The spring's recharge area covers 115 km2,where the recharge runoff area is the white water karst trough valley in the upper reaches of the basin and the peak-cluster depression area at the edge of the basin.There are more springs in the white water karst trough valley but the dynamic is unstable.The main aquifer formations in the spring are dolomite and limestone of the Triassic Gejiu Formation.Although karst development is strong,it is uneven,leading to significant variability in hydraulic properties.Besides precipitation recharge,leakage from the Baishuitang reservoir is a crucial source of recharge.The hydraulic gradient,from the Baishuitang reservoir to the spring outlet,ranges from 1.43% to 1.62%,with groundwater flow velocities between 144.82 and 176.45 m·h^(-1).The spring discharge varies from 1,072 to 1,957 L·s^(-1) and remains relatively stable.By means of drilling,geophysical exploration and backwater test,the water levels of the Pijiazhai karst spring are studied.A total of 16 boreholes were drilled near the spring outlet,with depths ranging from 15.1 to 45.1 meters,and the maximum rise in backwater level reached 0.66 meter.Results indicate that,despite the intense karst development near the Pijiazhai karst spring,the distribution of this development is spatially uneven.Horizontally,the analysis of joint fissures reveals four major karst development zones composed of densely distributed caves and solution fissures.Additionally,at varying depths,these dense zones of caves and solution fissures are also present vertically.To the north of the spring outlet,karst development is intense but uneven,predominantly featuring solution fissures and caves,with some caves diameters reaching 4.7 meters.Downstream of the spring,karst development is relatively weaker and more uniform,primarily consisting of solution fissures,with fewer and smaller caves,the largest being 0.6 meters in di

关 键 词：岩溶水 大泉 壅水 水位动态分析 云南泸西 

分 类 号：P641.73[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]