华东某生活垃圾焚烧厂焚烧飞灰理化特性及重金属形态分析  

Physicochemical Properties and Heavy Metal Speciation Analysis of Incineration Fly Ash From a Domestic Waste Incineration Plant in East China

作　　者：谢水香 亢春喜 熊军 戴家鑫 戴思宇 XIE Shuixiang;KANG Chunxi;XIONG Jun;DAI Jiaxin;DAI Siyu(School of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Pingxiang University,Pingxiang Jiangxi 337000,China;China Energy Conservation Pingxiang Environmental Protection Energy Co.,Pingxiang Jiangxi,337000,China)

机构地区：[1]萍乡学院材料与化学工程学院 [2]中节能萍乡环保能源有限公司,江西萍乡337000

出　　处：《萍乡学院学报》2024年第6期107-112,共6页Journal of Pingxiang University

基　　金：2022年江西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目“萍乡市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰中重金属富集特征及浸出特性研究”(S202210895016)。

摘　　要：课题组利用激光粒度仪、X射线荧光光谱分析、X射线衍射和红外光谱等现代谱学技术,考察了华东某生活垃圾焚烧设施所产生的飞灰在不同粒度下的矿物相组成。依据HJ/T 300—2007和BCR提取程序,评估了飞灰中重金属的浸出毒性及其化学形态分布。研究发现:飞灰颗粒尺寸主要集中于10~75μm,占比80.99%;飞灰主要化学成分为CaO、Cl、Na_(2)O、K_(2)O、SiO_(2)和MgO,主要矿物相为金属氯化物和含钙矿物。焚烧飞灰中Cd和Pb浸出浓度较高,具较强浸出毒性;在不同粒度范围内,Zn、Ni、Cu和Cd以可还原态为主要存在形态,存在浸出风险;Pb主要呈现为可还原态与可氧化态;As以可氧化态与残渣态为主;Cr主要以残渣态存在。Modern spectroscopic techniques such as laser particle size meter,X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy were applied to analyze the mineral phase composition of incineration fly ash with different particle sizes from a domestic waste incineration facility in East China.Meanwhile,the leaching toxicity of heavy metals in the fly ash and their chemical morphology distribution were evaluated based on HJ/T 300-2007 and BCR extraction procedures.The experimental results showed that:the particle size of incineration fly ash was mostly concentrated in 10~75μm,accounting for 80.99%;the main chemical components of fly ash were CaO,Cl,Na_(2)O,K_(2)O,SiO_(2)and MgO;the primary mineralogical phases were metal chlorides and calcium-containing minerals.The leaching concentrations of Cd and Pb in incineration fly ash were higher,leading to a greater leaching toxicity.Within different particle size ranges,the content of Zn,Ni,Cu and Cd had a higher proportion of reducible forms,posing a certain leaching risk;Pb mainly existed in reducible and oxidizable forms;As was mainly in oxidation state and residual states;Cr mainly existed in residual state.

关 键 词：生活垃圾焚烧飞灰 矿物相 重金属 浸出毒性 化学形态 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4