云南个旧青竹坡稀土矿床地质特征与成矿作用研究  

Study on geological characteristics and mineralization of Qingzhupo rare earth deposit in Gejiu,Yunnan

作　　者：秦金虎 黄合祥 肖述刚 彭小虎 杨文坚 孙聪伍 QIN Jinhu;HUANG Hexiang;XIAO Shugang;PENG Xiaohu;YANG Wenjian;SUN Congwu(Geological Team 308#of Yunnan Provincial Non-ferrous Bureau,Gejiu 661000,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Golden Geological Exploration Technology Service Co.,Ltd.,Mengzi 661100,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省有色地质局三0八队,云南个旧661000 [2]云南金色地质勘查技术服务有限公司,云南蒙自661100

出　　处：《矿产与地质》2025年第1期1-10,共10页Mineral Resources and Geology

基　　金：云南省地质勘查基金项目(D202319);云南省有色地质局“百名人才”工程(编号:[2022]42-三0八队-07、[2022]42-三0八队-02);云南省科技厅蒋少涌专家工作站项目(编号:202405AF140108)共同资助。

摘　　要：青竹坡稀土矿床为个旧西区发现的与花岗岩风化壳有关的离子吸附型稀土矿床。在该区黑云母花岗岩和二长岩风化壳全风化层剖面及钻孔样品数据的基础上,结合近年来个旧西区稀土找矿取得的最新地球化学资料,对赋存于岩体风化壳稀土矿床的成矿地质地球化学特征进行研究,探讨其关键成矿过程并总结地形地貌与风化壳和矿体富集规律。研究结果表明,岩体风化壳分层特征明显,稀土矿体规模及形态严格受风化壳发育程度和地形地貌控制;花岗岩风化壳全风化层稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾平滑的浅“W”型,轻稀土元素的分异程度强于重稀土元素;矿床类型为以轻稀土元素为主轻稀土富集型稀土矿。通过研究稀土矿床的关键成矿过程,发现内应力、渗透能力、pH值、风化程度、黏土矿物含量在风化壳剖面中由上至下变化特征综合决定了稀土工业矿体主要富集于风化壳全风化层。Qingzhupo REE deposit is an ion-adsorption type rare earth deposit related to granite weathering crust found in the west area of Gejiu.Based on the data of the whole weathering layer profile and drilling samples of biotite granite and monzonite weathering crust in this area,combined with the geochemical data obtained by rare earth prospecting in the west area of Gejiu in the recent years,the metallogenic geological and geochemical characteristics of rare earth deposit in the weathering crust of rock mass are studied.The key metallogenic process is discussed,and the topography and geomorphology and the enrichment regularity of weathering crust and ore body are summarized.The result shows that the stratification characteristics of the weathering crust of rock mass are obvious,and the scale and shape of the rare earth orebody are strictly controlled by the development degree and topography of the weathering crust.The distribution curve of rare earth elements in the whole weathering layer of granite weathering crust is right-leaning smooth shallow“W”type,and the differentiation degree of light rare earth elements is stronger than that of heavy rare earth elements.The deposit type is mainly light rare earth elements and light rare earth enrichment type rare earth deposit.By studying the key metallogenic process of rare earth deposit,it is found that the internal stress,permeability,pH value,weathering degree and clay mineral content change from top to bottom in the weathering crust profile,which comprehensively determines that the rare earth industrial ore bodies are mainly enriched in the full weathering layer of weathering crust.

关 键 词：青竹坡稀土矿床 贾沙杂岩体 离子吸附型 地质特征 成矿过程 个旧西区 

分 类 号：P618.7[天文地球—矿床学]