巨噬细胞在艰难梭菌感染中的研究进展  

Research progress of macrophages in Clostridium difficile infection

作　　者：陈时尧 吴韬[2] Chen Shiyao;Wu Tao(College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310000;Department of Medical Engineering,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310003)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物医学工程与仪器科学学院,杭州310000 [2]浙江大学医学院附属第一医院医学工程科,杭州310003

出　　处：《中国抗生素杂志》2025年第2期152-159,共8页Chinese Journal of Antibiotics

基　　金：浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(No.LGC20C010002)。

摘　　要：艰难梭菌是一种革兰阳性芽胞厌氧杆菌,该菌是医院获得性感染的主要病原体之一,艰难梭菌感染的症状从轻度腹泻至严重的伪膜性结肠炎。巨噬细胞作为一种先天性免疫细胞广泛分布于全身组织,在细菌感染中发挥重要作用。巨噬细胞通过识别、吞噬抗原,产生细胞因子以激活和募集其他免疫细胞至感染部位。在艰难梭菌感染过程中,巨噬细胞可通过Toll样受体、Nod样受体识别艰难梭菌,并产生免疫反应。最近有研究证明,艰难梭菌可抑制巨噬细胞的吞噬清除能力,导致巨噬细胞大量聚集,加重肠道的炎症反应;而通过改善巨噬细胞溶酶体质子泵的功能,则可恢复其吞噬能力。本文总结了巨噬细胞对艰难梭菌的免疫通路,从巨噬细胞免疫功能的角度,提供治疗艰难梭菌感染的新方法。Clostridioides difficile is a Gram-positive,spore-forming,anaerobic Bacillus as a major pathogen of hospital-acquired infections.The symptoms of C.difficile infection(CDI)range from mild diarrhea to severe pseudomembranous colitis.Macrophages are innate immune cells that are widely distributed throughout the body's tissues and play an important role in bacterial infections.Macrophages recognize and phagocytose antigens and produce cytokines to activate and recruit other immune cells to the site of infection.During the process of C.difficile infection,macrophages can recognize C.difficile through Toll-like receptors and Nod-like receptors and produce immune responses.Recent studies have demonstrated that C.difficile can inhibit the phagocytic clearance ability of macrophages,leading to massive macrophage accumulation and exacerbating the inflammatory response in the gut.The phagocytic capacity of macrophages can be restored by improving their lysosomal proton pump function.This paper summarized the immune pathway of macrophages against C.difficile and provided a new approach to treat C.difficile infection from the perspective of macrophage immune function.

关 键 词：艰难梭菌 巨噬细胞 免疫 感染机制 炎症反应 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]