3类健康人群抗生素耐药基因分布特征及影响因素分析  

Characterization of the distribution of antimicrobial resistance genes in three groups of health populations and analysis of influencing factors

作　　者：吴梦 郭玉梅[2] 王可 高伟利[2] 董新燕[2] 田会方 Wu Meng;Guo Yumei;Wang Ke;Gao Weili;Dong Xinyan;Tian Huifang(College of Public Health,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063200;Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hebei Key Laboratory of Intractable Pathogens,Shijiazhuang 050011)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学公共卫生学院,唐山063200 [2]石家庄市疾病预防控制中心河北省疑难病原研究重点实验室,石家庄050011

出　　处：《中国抗生素杂志》2025年第2期216-224,共9页Chinese Journal of Antibiotics

基　　金：河北省省级科技计划项目(No.223777116D)。

摘　　要：目的 本研究旨在了解健康人群肠道中抗生素耐药基因(antimicrobial resistance genes,ARGs)分布特征及影响因素,为耐药防控工作提供数据支撑。方法 应用基于qPCR的TaqMan阵列卡技术检测孕妇、药厂工人和儿童3类人群中常见ARGs的携带情况,并采用多元线性回归模型分析ARGs检出数量的影响因素。结果 儿童与孕妇和药厂工人中ARGs检出数量存在统计学差异(P=0.005、P=0.004),儿童ARGs平均检出数量最低为19种,其余两组人群为22种。研究共检测到12大类45种ARGs亚型,其中β-内酰胺类、大环内酯类、四环素类、磺胺类、喹诺酮类、大环内酯类-林可酰胺类-链阳性菌素B类(MLSB)、万古霉素类ARGs是肠道ARGs中占比最丰富的类型,硝基咪唑类、多重耐药类和黏菌素类ARGs检出率最低(11.46%,19.79%,20.83%)。tetM、tetS、qnrS、blaTEM和mefA等5种亚型检出率高达100%,未检出nimE。多元线性回归分析中,年龄(β=0.365,P<0.001)与ARGs检出数量呈正相关,食用水产品(β=0.247,P=0.009)的ARGs检出数量高于未食用者。结论 健康人群肠道中ARGs普遍存在且检出率较高,需要加强孕妇、药厂工人和儿童3类人群的ARGs监测及成因研究,制定更有针对性的防控策略,以降低耐药性发展的风险。Objective To understand the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of antimicrobial resistance genes(ARGs)in the intestines of healthy populations and provide data support for drug resistance prevention and control.Methods The qPCR-based array card technique was applied to detect the carriage of ARGs in three representative groups of populations,namely pregnant women,drug factory workers and children,and a multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the factors influencing the number of ARGs detected.Results There was a statistically significant difference in the number of ARGs detected in the children versus the pregnant and factory worker populations(P=0.005,P=0.004),with the lowest mean number of ARGs detected in the children at 19 and 22 in the remaining two groups.A total of 45 subtypes of ARGs from 12 major classes were detected in the study,of whichβ-lactam,macrolide,tetracycline,sulfonamide,quinolone,macrolide-lincoamide-streptogramin B(MLSB),and vancomycin ARGs were the most abundant types of intestinal ARGs,and nitroimidazole,multidrug-resistant and polymyxin ARGs had the lowest detection rates of ARGs(11.46%,19.79%and 20.83%).tetM,tetS,qnrS,blaTEM,and mefA 5 subtypes were detected up to 100%,and nimE was not detected.In multiple linear regression analysis,age(β=0.365,P<0.001)was positively correlated with the number of ARGs detected,and the number of ARGs detected was higher in aquatic product consumers(β=0.247,P=0.009)than in those who did not consume.Conclusion The prevalence and high detection rate of ARGs in the intestinal tract of healthy populations proved the requirement of enhancing surveillance and causation studies of ARGs in three types of populations,which were pregnant women,drug factory workers and children,in order to develop more targeted prevention and control strategies to reduce the risk of bacterial resistance development.

关 键 词：TaqMan阵列卡 健康人群 耐药基因 影响因素 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R378