磁场影响下热电效应对导电管道内液态金属流动特性的影响  

Thermoelectric effect on the flow and heat transfer of liquid metal in a conducting pipe under the magnetic field

作　　者：陈昭奇 王增辉 CHEN Zhaoqi;WANG Zenghui(College of Engineering Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学工程科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国科学院大学学报(中英文)》2025年第2期159-166,共8页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51876201,51927812);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资助。

摘　　要：以液态金属锂和不锈钢为研究对象,采用磁流体力学相容守恒数值格式以及多区域耦合物理问题分区迭代算法,模拟部分导电管道内液态锂在有/无热电效应作用下的流动现象,磁场方向沿管道展向。模拟了较大雷诺数(Re=745.6)时,热电效应作用下液态金属在部分导电管道内的流动现象。研究发现,热电效应会在方管的4个角点处形成与流动方向相反的回流涡,该回流涡增大了中心区域的流速,并且强化了金属流体的对流换热能力。随着磁场强度增大,流动状态由非稳态变为稳态,说明磁阻尼效应逐渐占主导地位,热电效应的作用尺度由弱磁场下的整个流场逐渐收缩至强磁场下的流固壁面附近,速度与温度的耦合关系由弱磁场下的双向耦合转变为强磁场下的单向耦合。The seebeck effect produced by metal fluid under the influence of a stable magnetic field and temperature gradient can effectively enhance its heat transfer efficiency.The flow phenomena of liquid lithium and stainless steel in partially conducting pipes are simulated by using the consistent conservative numerical scheme developed for magnetohydrodynamics and the partitioned iterative algorithm for multi-domain coupled physical problems.The magnetic field direction is along the span of the pipe.The flow phenomena of liquid metal in the partially conductive tube under the action of the thermoelectric effect at Reynolds number(Re=745.6)are studied.It is found that the Lorentz force produced by the thermoelectric effect and magnetic field forms the reverse flow vortex structure at the four corners of the square tube.The reverse flow vortex increases the velocity in the central region and promotes the convective heat transfer of the liquid metal in the vortex structure at the four corners of the square tube.The reverse flow vortex increases the velocity in the central region and promotes the convective heat transfer of the liquid metal in the central region.With the increase of magnetic field intensity,the flow changes from unsteady flow to steady flow,the flow in the central region is dominated by the magnetic damping effect,the scale of the thermoelectric effect gradually shrinks to the vicinity of the boundary,and the relationship between velocity and temperature changes from two-way coupling under weak magnetic field to one-way coupling under strong magnetic field.

关 键 词：磁流体力学 方管流动 热电效应 对流换热 

分 类 号：TK124[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]