行贿犯罪的刑法修正与规范适用——以《刑法修正案(十二)》为中心  

Criminal Law Amendment and Normative Application of Bribery Crimes

作　　者：陈安超 Chen Anchao(Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学刑事司法学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《湖北警官学院学报》2025年第1期116-125,共10页Journal of Hubei University of Police

摘　　要：《刑法修正案(十二)》对行贿犯罪进行了重要修正,引发了理论界与实务界的一系列争议。出于对罪责刑相适应原则以及“受贿行贿一起查”刑事政策的贯彻落实,应当对受贿行贿实行“并重异罚”。“谋取不正当利益”既不能认定为主观构成要件,也不能认定为主观责任要素,而应该认定为客观构成要件。在行贿罪从重量刑情节的适用上,应坚持禁止重复评价原则,适当处理与司法解释之间的冲突。在从重处罚情节的理解与适用上,应结合行贿罪构成要件、量刑情节以及立法目的来综合判断。修正后的单位行贿罪与行贿罪的刑罚设置趋向于一致,但出于对民营企业的保护,单位行贿罪与行贿罪之间的刑罚设置尚需保持一定差距。单位行贿罪与行贿罪的区分关键在于单位意志与利益归属,在司法适用中需透过现象看本质,对单位意志与利益归属做出准确判断。The Amendment XII to the Criminal Law has made significant amendments to thecrime of bribery, and has also sparked a series of controversies among the theoretical and practicalcommunities. In order to uphold the principle of proportionality between crime, punishment,and the criminal policy of "investigating bribe-taking and bribery together", it is necessary to carryout equal emphasis but different punishment for bribe-taking and bribery. "Seeking improperbenefits" can neither be identified as a subjective constituent element nor as a subjective elementof responsibility, but should be found as an objective constituent element. In the application ofthe aggravating circumstances of the crime of bribery, should be adhered to the principle of prohibitingrepeated evaluations, and should be appropriately handled the conflicts with judicial interpretations.In the understanding and application of the aggravating circumstances, attentionshould be paid to the comprehensive judgment based on the constitutive elements, the sentencingcircumstances, and the legislative purpose of the crime of bribery. The revised punishment provisionsfor the crime of bribe offered by unit and the crime of bribery exhibit a trend toward alignment,but for the protection of private enterprises, there is still a certain gap between the criminalpenalties for the crimes of bribe offered by unit and the crimes of bribery. The key to distinguishingbetween the crime of bribe offered by unit and the crime of bribery lies in the attributionof the will and interests of the unit, and in the judicial application, it is necessary to look at theessence through the phenomenon and make an accurate judgment on the attribution of the willand interests of the unit.

关 键 词：行贿罪 单位行贿罪 刑法修正案(十二) 并重异罚 

分 类 号：D914[政治法律—刑法学]