法条竞合之特别关系的适用问题研究  

Research on the Application of Special Relationship in Legal Norms Conflict

作　　者：卢天鸿 Lu Tianhong(Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院,北京100084

出　　处：《湖北警官学院学报》2025年第1期151-159,共9页Journal of Hubei University of Police

摘　　要：两个法条之间存在的特别关系是一种典型的法条竞合关系,在明确需要区分想象竞合与法条竞合的前提下,如何处理特别关系类型的法条竞合是有待讨论的问题。要从形式层面与实质层面相结合的角度判断特别关系型的法条竞合,从形式上看,特别法条相较于普通法条多了某些特别的要素,从实质上看,特别法条与普通法条具有法益的同一性。当一个行为同时符合特别法条的构成要件与普通法条的构成要件时,有三种处理原则可供选择,一是“特别法条优先原则”,二是“重法条补充适用原则”,三是“重法条优先适用原则”。通过考察三种适用原则的利弊之后,可以明确“特别法条优先原则”是更可取的原则。The special relationship between two legal norms is a typical case of legal normconflict. Under the premise of distinguishing between imagined conflict and legal norm conflict,how to handle legal norm conflicts involving special relationships remains a topic for discussion.The special relationship-type conflict of legal norms should be analyzed from both formal andsubstantive perspectives. Formally, a special legal norm contains certain elements not found in ageneral legal norm, while substantively, the special legal norm and the general legal norm sharethe same legal interest. When an act meets the constitutive elements of both the special and thegeneral legal norms, there are three principles for handling the conflict: (1) the "special legalnorm priority principle," (2) the "supplementary application of the general legal norm principle,"and (3) the "priority application of the general legal norm principle." After examining the advantagesand disadvantages of these three principles, it is concluded that the "special legal norm priorityprinciple" is the most preferable.

关 键 词：法条竞合 特别关系 特别法条优先 重法条补充适用 特别法条 

分 类 号：D914[政治法律—刑法学]