大结构采场充填体边帮安全控制爆破技术研究与实践  

Research and Practice of Safe Controlled Blasting Technology of Backfill Side of Large Structure Stope

作　　者：高兴红 杨应迪[1] GAO Xinghong;YANG Yingdi(School of Safety Science and Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学安全科学与工程学院,安徽省淮南市232000

出　　处：《现代矿业》2025年第2期40-44,共5页Modern Mining

摘　　要：在大结构高分段采场开采时,充填体边帮经常出现垮塌现象,带来一定的安全隐患。为了有效降低充填体垮塌,减少充填体混入,提高回采安全性,通过分析影响大结构高分段采场充填体边帮安全的主要因素可知,爆破振动及损伤是影响充填体垮塌的直接因素,且控制单段最大起爆药量、优化起爆顺序、留设合理厚度的保护矿柱是控制充填体边帮安全的有效措施。开展工业试验进行验证,采用数码电子雷管,逐孔起爆,微差间隔时间25 ms,单段最大起爆药量控制在95 kg以下,保护矿柱厚度2.0 m。试验表明,充填体边帮未出现大面积垮落现象,大块率约4.68%,平均充填体混入率约2.7%,取得了较好的爆破效果及充填体边帮安全控制效果,可为类似矿山提供借鉴。In the application of large structure and high sublevel stope structural parameters,the col-lapse phenomenon of filling body side often occurs,which brings certain safety risks.In order to effectively reduce the collapse of backfill body,reduce the mixing of backfill body,and improve the safety of mining,the analysis of the main factors affecting the safety of backfill side of large structure and high sublevel stope shows that blasting vibration and damage are the direct factors affecting the collapse of backfill body.Con-trolling the maximum amount of blasting charge in a single stage,optimizing the sequence of blasting and setting the protective pillar with reasonable thickness are effective measures to control the safety of the side wall of the filling body.The industrial test is carried out to verify,the use of digital electronic detonators,the initiation sequence is hole by hole initiation,the differential interval time is 25 ms,the maximum initiation charge of a single stage is controlled below 95 kg,and the thickness of the protective pillar is 2.0 m.The practice shows that there is no large-scale collapse phenomenon on the side wall of the backfill body,the bulk rate is about 4.68%,and the average mixing rate of the backfill body is about 2.7%,which achieves good blasting effect and safety control effect on the side wall of the backfill body,and it can provide refer-ence for similar mines.

关 键 词：大结构采场 充填体边帮 爆破安全控制 保护矿柱 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]