地月平动点高轨观测系统设计及效能分析  

Design and performance analysis of high-orbit observation system atearth-moon libration points

作　　者：张靖鹏 陈起行 夏明 董磊 郑珍珍[1,2] 颜九妹 姬聪云[1,2] 王妍卉 ZHANG Jingpeng;CHEN Qihang;XIA Ming;DONG Lei;ZHENG Zhenzhen;YAN Jiumei;JI Congyun;WANG Yanhui(Institute of Microsatellite Innovation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201304,China;Shanghai Microsatellite Engineering Center,Shanghai 201304,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院,上海201304 [2]上海微小卫星工程中心,上海201304

出　　处：《系统工程与电子技术》2025年第2期527-534,共8页Systems Engineering and Electronics

基　　金：中国科学院青促会基金(202294);中国科学院特别研究助理资助项目(Y3ZKRCYG01)资助课题;青年拔尖人才计划(29Y1ZKRCYG01)。

摘　　要：为满足高轨目标实时观测和异动感知的需求,面对愈发严峻的地月空间争夺态势,设计一种运行于地月平动点(L3、L4、L5点)的三星星座系统,并完成了对地球同步轨道(geostationary earth orbit, GEO)目标实时观测的双临边、双视场工作模式设计。基于高轨目标实时观测系统的性能需求,通过理论分析计算出卫星搭载相机的视场需求为4°×10.5°、探测灵敏度需求为21 Mv,地气光离轴角需求为3.5°,太阳光抑制角需求为50°。通过效能仿真计算,所提三星系统可以错开不同卫星相机的逆光不可工作时间,达到10年期全天时100%的GEO带区域覆盖率,验证了相机需求理论分析的可靠性。同时,目标覆盖仿真结果显示,4个典型节气的24 h典型目标双重覆盖率可以达到41.3%~98.3%,可以有效提高编目精度、定轨精度和目标检测概率,降低对异动感知的虚警率。According to the requirements of real-time observation and abnormal motion perception of high-orbit targets,a tribe-satellite constellation system at the earth-moon libration points(L3/L4/L5 point)is designed and the working mode design of double-edge and double-field of view for real-time observation of geostationary earth orbit(GEO)targets is completed.Based on the real-time requirements from high-orbit target observation system,the result of theoretical analysis showes the demand field of view of camera equipped on satellite is 4°×10.5°,the detection sensitivity is 21Mv,the exclusion angle earth-atmosphere radiation demand is 3.5°and the solar suppression angle demand is 50°.Through the efficiency simulation calculation,the proposed tribe-satellites system can stagger the backlight non-working time of different cameras equipped on satellites and achieve 100%GEO area coverage rate in 10 years,which verifies the reliability of the theoretical analysis for the demand of camera.At the same time,it can be found from the simulation results of target coverage rate that the double coverage rate of typical targets in 24 hours in four typical solar terms can reach 41.3%~98.3%,which can effectively improve the accuracy of cataloguing,orbit determination and target detection probability,and reduce the false alarm rate of abnormal motion perception.

关 键 词：地月平动点 高轨目标 星座设计 相机需求 效能分析 

分 类 号：V412.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]