金融可得性对家庭贫困脆弱性的影响——基于农户行为和村庄公共投资视角分析  

The Impact of Financial Availability on Household Poverty Vulnerability:An Analysis from the Perspective of Rural Household Behavior and Village Public Investment

作　　者：李艺菲 LI Yifei(China School of Banking and Finance,University of International Business and Economics,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学中国金融学院,北京100029

出　　处：《云南财经大学学报》2025年第3期54-74,共21页Journal of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国家庭经济风险测度、成因及外溢性研究”(21&ZD087)。

摘　　要：普惠金融重点在于“普惠”,其核心理念是提高金融的普惠性,农户也能够得到金融支持,助力解决非贫困农户陷入贫困和脱贫农户返贫的问题,稳定脱贫成果。基于2014—2018年中国家庭追踪调查数据,研究了金融可得性对贫困脆弱性的影响。实证研究发现,金融可得性能够显著缓解贫困脆弱性,使用村庄除自身外金融可得的比例作为工具变量进行估计,上述结果依然稳健。机制分析表明,金融可得性通过提高农户土地流转概率、增加农户农用机械使用和促进农户创业,对贫困脆弱性产生显著的缓解作用。异质性分析表明,金融可得性对经济发展水平较低地区农户、社会网络较低农户、所在村庄教育投资、生产投资和转移支付较高农户贫困脆弱性的缓解作用更大。研究结论为发挥好金融普惠作用、有效防止返贫、巩固脱贫攻坚成果和实现乡村振兴相关政策的制定提供了参考。Inclusive finance focuses on“universal access”,with the core concept of improving financial accessibility so that rural households can receive financial support,helping to solve the problem of non-poor rural households falling into poverty and poverty-alleviated householdsfalling back into poverty,thereby stabilizing the results of poverty alleviation.Using data from the China Family Panel Studies from 2014 to 2018,the article studies the impact of financial accessibility on poverty vulnerability.The empirical study finds that financial accessibility can significantly reduce poverty vulnerability,and the results remain robust when estimation is made by using the proportion of financial accessibility other than the villages themselves as an instrumental variable.Mechanism analysis shows that financial accessibility significantly reduces poverty vulnerability by improving the land transfer probability of rural households,increasing their use of farm machinery,and promoting entrepreneurship of rural households.Heterogeneity analysis shows that financial availability has a greater mitigating effect on poverty vulnerability for rural households in areas with lower levels of economic development,rural households with fewer social networks,and rural households in villages with higher investment in education,production and transfer payments.The conclusions of the study provide references for the formulation of policies aiming to give full play to financial inclusion,effectively prevent the return of poverty,consolidate the results of poverty alleviation and achieve rural revitalization.

关 键 词：金融可得性 贫困脆弱性 土地流转 农用机械 农户创业 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]