无牙颌病人种植修复术后不同阶段生活质量变化情况及影响因素  

Changes in quality of life at different stages after implant restoration in edentulous patients and its influencing factors

作　　者：尹小青 管兆兰[1] 杨晨 高姗[1] YIN Xiaoqing;GUAN Zhaolan;YANG Chen;GAO Shan(The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Jiangsu 210029 China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属口腔医院,江苏210029

出　　处：《循证护理》2025年第5期855-861,共7页Chinese Evidence-Based Nursing

基　　金：南京医科大学科技发展基金面上项目,编号:NMUSN202102。

摘　　要：目的:探究无牙颌病人种植修复术后不同阶段生活质量现状及影响因素。方法:选取2022年9月—2023年11月在南京医科大学附属口腔医院口腔种植科就诊的186例无牙颌种植修复病人为研究对象,采用一般资料调查问卷、口腔健康影响量表(OHIP-14)、口腔保健知信行调查表、种植修复满意度量表、咀嚼功能评价表、社会支持评定量表和口腔保健自我效能量表于种植修复术后1周、3个月进行调查,并通过单因素分析和多重线性回归分析法探讨不同阶段生活质量的影响因素。结果:无牙颌病人种植修复术后1周OHIP-14总分为(42.69±7.75)分,术后3个月OHIP-14总分为(31.74±6.61)分,不同阶段OHIP-14总分及各维度得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。回归分析结果显示,性别、年龄、种植体数目、咀嚼功能、术后疼痛评分为无牙颌病人种植修复术后1周生活质量的影响因素(P<0.05);年龄、自身牙齿满意度、社会支持、自我效能为无牙颌病人种植修复术后3个月生活质量的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:无牙颌病人种植修复术后不同阶段生活质量动态变化且受到多种因素的影响,护理人员应积极从社会人口学因素、疾病因素、心理认知等角度出发,制定合理、有效的护理对策,及时采取干预措施,以改善病人的生活质量。Objective:To explore the current status of quality of life at different stages after implant restoration in edentulous patients and its influencing factors.Methods:A total of 186 edentulous patients who underwent implant restoration in the department of oral implantology of the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from September 2022 to November 2023 were selected as the research subjects.General information questionnaires,Oral Health Impact Profile⁃14(OHIP⁃14),Oral Health Care Knowledge,Attitude,and Practice Questionnaire,Implant Restoration Satisfaction Scale,Masticatory Function Evaluation Form,Social Support Rating Scale,and Oral Health Care Self⁃Efficacy Scale were used to conduct surveys at 1 week and 3 months after implant restoration in edentulous patients.Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of quality of life at different stages.Results:The total score of OHIP⁃14 was(42.69±7.75)at 1 week after implant restoration in edentulous patients,and(31.74±6.61)at 3 months after the operation.There were statistically significant differences in the total scores and scores of each dimension at different stages(P<0.001).The results of regression analysis showed that gender,age,number of implants,masticatory function,and postoperative pain score were the influencing factors of quality of life at 1 week after implant restoration in edentulous patients(P<0.05);age,satisfaction with one's own teeth,social support,and self⁃efficacy were the influencing factors of quality of life at 3 months after implant restoration in edentulous patients(P<0.05).Conclusions:The quality of life of edentulous patients changes dynamically at different stages after implant restoration and is affected by various factors.Nursing staff should actively formulate reasonable and effective nursing countermeasures and take timely intervention measures from the perspectives of sociodemographic factors,disease factors,and psychological cognition

关 键 词：无牙颌 种植修复术 生活质量 影响因素 社会支持 自我效能 满意度 纵向研究 

分 类 号：R473.78[医药卫生—护理学]