基于光栅方程的三维空间光盘衍射现象的研究  

Study on the Diffraction Phenomenon of Three-Dimensional Space Optical Disks Based on Grating Equation

作　　者：孙晓彤 韩润泽 景鹏飞 SUN Xiaotong;HAN Runze;JING Pengfei(Department of Physics,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875;Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies,Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学物理学系,北京100875 [2]北京大学前沿交叉学科研究院,北京100871

出　　处：《物理通报》2025年第3期17-21,24,共6页Physics Bulletin

摘　　要：基于光栅方程研究了光盘上衍射现象产生的过程并对理论研究进行了实验验证.当平行白光大角度照射光盘时光盘上会出现彩色线.光盘结构决定了其有衍射光栅的性质,以此确立了以光栅方程为中心的研究思路.将条件进一步推广到三维空间,根据三维空间光栅衍射理论,用MATLAB模拟了入射角为70°时,在光盘平面上方三维空间内任一点所观察到的光盘颜色形态分布.利用该模拟方案,可以得到在确定入射光方向与观察者位置时光盘上的衍射图像.在入射光方向、衍射光方向与直线在同一平面内时,利用光栅衍射的性质设计实验方案并较为精确地计算出光栅常数值.通过分析设计光路图,利用简单的实验器材验证了光栅方程对于实验现象解释的合理性.Based on the grating equation,the process of generating diffraction phenomena on optical disks is investigated and the theoretical study is experimentally verified.Color lines appear on the disc when parallel white light irradiates the disc at a large angle.The structure of the disc determines that it has the nature of a diffraction grating,and in this way the research idea centered on the grating equation is established.The conditions are further extended to three-dimensional space,according to the theory of grating diffraction in three-dimensional space,the distribution of disc color morphology observed at any point in three-dimensional space above the plane of the disc when the angle of incidence is 70°is simulated by MATLAB.Using this simulation scheme,the diffraction image on the disc can be obtained when the direction of incident light and the position of the observer are determined.When the incident light direction,the diffracted light direction and the straight line are in the same plane,the experimental scheme is designed using the nature of grating diffraction and the grating constant value is calculated more accurately.By analyzing and designing the optical path diagram,the reasonableness of the grating equation for the explanation of the experimental phenomena is verified by using simple experimental equipment.

关 键 词：平行白光 反射光栅 光栅方程 三维空间光栅衍射理论 

分 类 号：O436.1[机械工程—光学工程]