破解生态产品价值实现融资难题的逻辑思路、制度安排与推进路径——基于特定地域单元视角  

Logical Thinking,Institutional Arrangement,and Path for Solving the Financing Difficulties in Realizing the Value of Ecological Products:From the Perspective of Specific Geographic Units

作　　者：朱丹[1,2] 刘兆璋 吉富星 ZHU Dan;LIU Zhaozhang;JI Fuxing(Faculty of Applied Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488;School of Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院,北京102488 [2]中国社会科学院大学经济学院,北京102488

出　　处：《经济纵横》2025年第1期110-119,共10页Economic Review Journal

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金项目“有效防范化解财政、金融领域重大风险研究”(编号:23LLYJC124);中国社会科学院大学重大项目“新时代财政政策效能提升的测度理论、方法与中国实践研究”(编号:20230084)的成果。

摘　　要：在各地财政紧平衡、生态领域融资困难等现实压力下,破解特定地域单元生态产品价值实现融资难题,探索生态产品开发项目融资机制,可以更有效地提升市场效率和融资可得性。从总体思路和制度安排上看,应立足减少信息不对称、形成经济可持续模式,即基于“底层资产—金融支持”联动视角,推进“项目谋划—融资创新”;同时,从宏观层面降低相关者不确定性、形成激励相容机制视角出发,进一步完善生态领域产权、价值核算、抵押等基础制度,以及金融、财政和监管等配套制度改革。从项目市场运作和落地上看,一方面,通过项目策划、运作方式创新,提升项目全生命周期效率和“造血”能力;另一方面,按照“经济可持续、财务自平衡、不新增政府隐性债务”原则,统筹项目现金流、还款来源、信用结构等要件,创新金融支持路径。未来,需要进一步发展气候融资、绿色金融等工具,从制度、政策、激励等维度持续推动配套改革。In the context of tight fiscal balance and difficult financing in the ecological field in various regions,solving the financing difficulties in realizing the value of ecological products in specific geographic units and exploring the financing mechanism of ecological product development projects can improve market efficiency and financing availability.The overall planning and institutional arrangements should focus on reducing information asymmetry and establishing a sustainable economic model.That is,project planning and financing innovation should be promoted from the linkage of underlying assets with financial support.At the macro level,efforts should be made to reduce stakeholder uncertainty and form incentive compatible mechanisms.Specifically,the basic systems of property rights,value accounting,and mortgage in the ecological field and supporting financial,fiscal,and regulatory systems should be improved and reformed.From the perspective of project market operation and implementation,on the one hand,the project planning and operation methods should be innovated to improve the efficiency and activity of the project throughout the whole lifecycle.On the other hand,according to the principles of economic sustainability,financial self-balancing,and no new implicit government debt,efforts should be made to coordinate the cash flow,repayment sources,and credit structure of projects to innovate financial support paths.In the future,it is necessary to develop tools such as climate financing and green finance and promote supporting reforms from the dimensions of institution,policy,and incentive.

关 键 词：特定地域单元 生态产品价值 融资创新 绿色金融 

分 类 号：F124.5[经济管理—世界经济]