玉米果穗物质生产、分配与水分含量动态变化研究  

Study on the Dynamic Changes of Matter Production, Distribution,and Water Content in Ears of Spring and Summer Sowing Maize

作　　者：马红珍 田媛[2] 吴寅[2] 许海涛 冯晓曦 王月 郭海斌 张军刚 许波 王素奇 MA Hong-zhen;TIAN Yuan;WU Yin;XU Hai-tao;FENG Xiao-xi;WANG Yue;GUO Hai-bin;ZHANG Jun-gang;XU Bo;WANG Su-qi(Zhumadian Academy of Agricultural Science/Zhumadian Comprehensive Experimental Station of Henan Maize Industrial Technology System,Zhumadian 463000;Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]驻马店市农业科学院/河南玉米产业技术体系驻马店综合试验站,河南驻马店463000 [2]河南省农业科学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《玉米科学》2025年第2期38-49,共12页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目(242102111168);河南省玉米产业技术体系驻马店综合试验站项目(HARS-23-02-Z6)。

摘　　要：以驻玉216(ZY216)、驻玉927(ZY927)、驻玉902(ZY902)、驻玉925(ZY925)、驻玉2001(ZY2001)为试验材料,研究春、夏播玉米果穗物质生产、分配与水分含量的动态变化。结果表明,苞叶鲜重春播ZY216、ZY2001第1~8天急剧增加,夏播ZY927第1~8天急速增加后缓慢降低;苞叶干重春播ZY216、ZY925第1~8天增加较快,夏播ZY902平稳提高。穗轴鲜重呈下降动态变化,穗轴干重呈先升高后下降的动态变化。穗柄鲜重春播ZY216、ZY925第1~8天显著增加,夏播ZY927第1~15天快速增加后呈波浪式下降;穗柄干重春播ZY216、ZY902分别增加到第29、36天达到最大值,夏播ZY925第1~29天呈波浪式变化。春、夏播花丝鲜重与干重呈逐渐下降的动态变化。穗粒鲜重春播呈先升高后下降、夏播呈逐渐升高的动态变化,穗粒干重春、夏播均呈逐渐升高的动态变化。水分含量均呈逐渐下降的动态变化。The dynamic changes in maize ear matter production,distribution,and water content were investigat⁃ed.The results showed that the husk fresh heavy in spring sowing of ZY216 and ZY2001 increased sharply from 1 to 8 days,ZY927 in summer sowing rapidly increased from 1 to 8 days and then slowly decreased.The husk dry weight increased rapidly on the 1st to 8th day of spring sowing for ZY216 and ZY925,steadily increased summer sowing for ZY902.The cob fresh weight showed decreasing dynamic,while the cob dry weight first increases and then decreas⁃es.The ear stem fresh weight increased significantly on the 1st to 8th days of spring sowing for ZY216 and ZY925,in⁃creased rapidly on the 1st to 15th days of summer sowing for ZY927,and then decreased in a wave like manner.The ear stem dry weight of spring sowing ZY216 and ZY902 reached their maximum values on the 29th and 36th day,re⁃spectively,ZY925 of summer sowing showed a wave like change from the 1st to 29th days.The silk fresh weight and dry weight of spring and summer sowing showed gradually decreasing dynamic.The fresh grain weight per ear showed dynamic of increasing first and then decreasing in spring sowing,and gradually increasing in summer sow⁃ing,the dry grain weight per ear showed gradually increasing in spring and summer sowing.The water content in the husks,cobs,ear stems,silks,and grains of spring and summer sowing maize showed gradually decreasing dynamic.

关 键 词：玉米 果穗 干物质 生产与分配 水分含量 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]