基于车门防撞梁三点弯曲的热成形钢断裂失效模型分析  

Analysis on fracture failure model of hot-formed steel based on three-point bending for vehicle door anti-collision beam

作　　者：张宝青[1] 郝瑞朝 Zhang Baoqing;Hao Ruichao(Department of Automotive Engineering,Langfang Polytechnic Institute,Langfang 065000,China;Artificial Intelligence Institute,Hebei Oriental University,Langfang 065001,China)

机构地区：[1]廊坊职业技术学院汽车工程系,河北廊坊065000 [2]河北东方学院人工智能学院,河北廊坊065001

出　　处：《锻压技术》2025年第1期239-248,共10页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：河北省社会科学基金资助项目(20230202055)。

摘　　要：对HS1300热成形钢的断裂失效表征模型开展研究。基于GISSMO断裂失效准则,设计5种不同的失效测试试样,获取极限塑性应变;采用Voce++和Hockett-Sherby组合硬化模型对材料力学曲线进行拟合;搭建断裂试验仿真模型,以力-位移曲线误差最小作为目标,获取硬化模型中的最优权重系数;在最优模型中提取各试样断裂区域的应力三轴度;基于GISSMO失效准则,获取关键参数,拟合获取失效模型曲线;模拟车门防撞梁约束工况,开展三点弯曲加载测试,并基于HyperMesh搭建仿真分析模型;提取试验和仿真过程的承载力-位移曲线,并对比失效形式,验证仿真材料模型的可靠性。结果表明:材料强度较高,且具有明显的应变速率增强效应;组合硬化模型的最优调节系数为0.684时,关键参数的误差最小,不超过4%;三点弯曲试验与仿真分析的关键参数误差最大值为5.12%;最大力和最大力对应位移的误差不超过2%;零件失效的形式和位置基本保持一致,材料断裂失效模型表征精度较高。The fracture failure characterization model of HS1300 hot-formed steel was studied.Based on the GISSMO fracture failure criterion,five different failure test specimens were designed to obtain the ultimate plastic strain.The Voce++and Hockett-Sherby combined hardening model was used to fit the mechanical curve of material.The fracture test simulation model was built,and the minimum error of force-displacement curve was taken as the goal to obtain the optimal weight coefficient in the hardening model.The stress triaxiality in the fracture zone of each specimen was extracted in the optimal simulation model.Based on the GISSMO failure criterion,the key parameters were obtained,and the failure model curve was obtained by fitting.The constraint condition of the vehicle door anti-collision beam was simulated,and the three-point bending loading test was carried out.The simulation analysis model was built based on HyperMesh.The bearing force-displacement curves of the test and simulation process were extracted,and the failure modes were compared to verify the reliability of the simulation material model.The results show that the material has high strength and obvious strain rate enhancement effect.When the optimal adjustment coefficient of the combined hardening model is 0.684,the error of the key parameters is the smallest,not exceeding 4%.The maximum error of the key parameters between the three-point bending test and simulation analysis is 5.12%.The error of the maximum load and the displacement corresponding the maximum load are not more than 2%.The form and position of parts failure are also basically the same.It can be seen that the material fracture failure model has high characterization accuracy.

关 键 词：热成形钢 车门防撞梁 三点弯曲 断裂失效 材料模型 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]