南水北调调节池淤泥性质及不同扰动下的沉降特征  

Sludge Properties and Sedimentation Characteristics under Various Disturbances in Regulating Tank of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project

作　　者：陈婷 刘宇泽 杨天果 路桢 翟洪艳[1] CHEN Ting;LIU Yu-ze;YANG Tian-guo;LU Zhen;ZHAI Hong-yan(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China;Yinjiang Branch,Tianjin Water Group,Tianjin 300122,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300350 [2]天津水务集团有限公司引江市区分公司,天津300122

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2025年第3期50-57,共8页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助面上项目(52270009);天津水务集团有限公司项目(2020GFW-0334)。

摘　　要：随着南水北调中线输水工程的运行,输水末端调节池内泥沙淤积问题逐渐显现,而很多清淤工作又必须在运行状态下开展,为此,研究了淤泥的特征,以及机械扰动、曝气扰动、加氯对淤泥沉降性能、悬浮物、有机质等的影响。结果显示,沉积淤泥的有机质含量较高(10%~13%),由附着大量藻类(以硅藻为主)的细颗粒(50~200μm)组成,具有较好的絮凝沉降性能。淤泥会释放大量总有机碳(TOC),机械扰动不会进一步增加TOC的释放,但曝气强度的增大会导致TOC浓度小幅度升高;机械扰动和曝气扰动对淤泥中高密度沉积层的沉降速度和体积影响不大,但会造成大量悬浮颗粒上升;加氯可降低悬浮物粒径,增加悬浮物沉降速度,但不会进一步增加TOC浓度;机械扰动、曝气扰动及加氯对淤泥中氮素浓度和赋存形态的影响都不大。因此,清淤扰动会释放大量沉降缓慢的悬浮颗粒物,对水质造成影响。清淤废水中的颗粒物仍具有很高的絮凝特征,易沉积,但是其中的大量小颗粒悬浮物是控制难点。With the operation of the middle line of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project,the issue of sludge deposition in the regulating tank at the terminus of the water transfer has become increasingly significant.However,substantial desilting efforts must be undertaken while the system remains operational.This study therefore investigated the characteristics of sludge and the impacts of mechanical disturbance,aeration disturbance,and chlorination on sludge sedimentation performance,suspended solids,and organic matters.The sludge exhibited a high organic matter content ranging from 10% to 13% and consisted of fine particles measuring between 50μm and 200μm.These particles were predominantly associated with a substantial number of algae(primarily diatoms),which contributed to its excellent flocculation and sedimentation properties.The sludge released a significant amount of total organic carbon(TOC).Mechanical disturbance did not further enhance the release of TOC;however,an increase in aeration intensity resulted in a slight rise in TOC.Mechanical and aeration disturbances had minimal impact on the settling velocity and volume of the high-density sediment layer within the sludge;however,these disturbances caused a significant increase in the number of suspended particles.Adding chlorine could effectively decrease the particle size of suspended solids and enhance their settling velocity without causing a further increase in TOC.Mechanical disturbance,aeration disturbance,and chlorination had minimal impact on both the nitrogen concentration and its occurrence forms in the sludge.Consequently,the desilting disturbance would result in the release of a substantial quantity of suspended particles that settle gradually,thereby impacting water quality.The particles in the desilting wastewater exhibited significant flocculation tendency,making them prone to deposition.However,a substantial number of fine suspended particles remained challenging to control.

关 键 词：南水北调输水工程 悬浮颗粒 淤泥 供水安全 清淤 

分 类 号：TU991[建筑科学—市政工程]