基于气象要素的“宁杞10号”两季采收模式分析  

Analysis of the Two-Season Harvesting Mode of‘Ningqi No.10’Based on Meteorological Factors

作　　者：万成 朱琳琰 闫伟兄 尹春苗 康文娟 WAN Cheng;ZHU Linyan;YAN Weixiong;YIN Chunmiao;KANG Wenjuan(Zhongwei Meteorological Bureau,Zhongwei 755100,China;Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions,CMA,Yinchuan 750002,China;Ningxia Meteorological Observatory,Yinchuan 750002,China;Ningxia Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China)

机构地区：[1]中卫市气象局,宁夏中卫755100 [2]中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室,宁夏银川750002 [3]宁夏气象台,宁夏银川750002 [4]宁夏气象科学研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《乡村科技》2025年第2期103-106,共4页Rural Science and Technology

基　　金：中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室2024年度青年培养项目(CAMT-202411)。

摘　　要：为促进枸杞产业可持续发展,利用中宁国家基本气象站2014—2023年7—10月气象数据(温度、降水、日照、相对湿度等)进行分析,对比传统采收模式和两季采收新模式的优缺点,分析研究“宁杞10号”两季采收模式的可行性。结果表明:当地气象条件适宜两季采收模式,不仅可以有效避开7—8月多高温、降水和强对流天气的影响,而且9—10月气温、日照适宜,降雨量和降雨日较少,对秋枸杞现蕾、开花和成熟采摘较为有利。目前,宁夏地区已实现完整的枸杞种植两季采收,平均每667 m2鲜果产量提升至1 200 kg左右,综合产能较传统模式提升30%~50%。但在9—10月枸杞成熟和采摘期,当地气温偏低、相对湿度偏大、日照偏少,易导致枸杞成熟迟缓和感染白粉病,且存在不易制干等问题,故当地应根据生产实际调整收获期。In order to promote the sustainable development of the wolfberry industry,the meteo-rological data(temperature,precipitation,sunshine,relative humidity,etc.)form Zhongning National Basic Meteorological Station from July to October 2014 to 2023 were analyzed to comparesed to analyze,compare the advantages of the traditional harvesting mode and the new two-season harvesting mode,study'Ningqi No.10'The feasibility of the two-season harvesting mode.The results show that the and to analyze the feasibility of the two-season harvesting mode for‘Ningqi No.10’.which can not only effectively avoid the impact of high temperature,precipitation and strong convective weather from July to August,but also ensure that the temperature and sunshine from September to October are suitable,and the rainfall and rainfall are less,which is more beneficial to the buds,flowering and mature picking of wolfberries berries in autumn.At present,in Ningxia,if the two-season harvest of complete wolfberry planting can be achieved,the average fresh fruit yield per 667 m2 will increase to about 1200 kg,and the comprehensive production capacity will be 30%~50%higher than that of the traditional model.However,during the ripening and picking period of wolfberries from September to October,the local temperature is low,the relative humidity is high,and there is little sunshine,which can easily lead to slow maturation of wolfberries and infection with powdery mildew,and there are problems such as not easy drying.Therefore,harvest period should be adjusted locally according to the production conditions.

关 键 词：枸杞 宁杞10号 两季采收 模式 气候特点 

分 类 号：S567.19[农业科学—中草药栽培] S161[农业科学—作物学]