不同类型守时钟组时间尺度算法研究  

Research on Time Scale Algorithms of Different Types of Time-keeping Clock Ensembles

作　　者：章宇 董绍武[1,2,3] 宋会杰 赵书红[1,3] 王杰[4] 吴丹[1,3] ZHANG Yu;DONG Shaowu;SONG Huijie;ZHAO Shuhong;WANG Jie;WU Dan(National Time Service Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710600,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Time Reference and Applications,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710600,China;Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家授时中心,西安710600 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院时间频率基准及应用重点实验室,西安710600 [4]中国科学院新疆天文台,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《宇航计测技术》2025年第1期79-86,共8页Journal of Astronautic Metrology and Measurement

基　　金：中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养计划项目(XAB2021YN22)资助。

摘　　要：时间尺度是全球各守时实验室主钟频率源驾驭的参考,是各守时实验室保持独立地方时的基础。由于多数守时实验室仅配备单一类型原子钟,因此采用一种时间尺度计算方法就可以取得良好的效果。我国时间工作向多型钟发展,采用单一时间尺度计算方法,将不能充分发挥不同类型原子钟性能优势,为更合理计算时间尺度,提出针对不同钟组配置选择不同时间尺度算法。首先对氢原子钟、铯原子钟两种常见的守时型原子钟特性进行分析,包括长短期波动、频率稳定度及频率漂移特性,随后给出动态类ALGOS模型。基于两种类型的原子钟分别采用动态类ALGOS时间尺度算法及AT1时间尺度算法进行计算并对比分析,结果表明:1)全铯钟钟组配置下,运用AT1时间尺度算法计算结果良好,产生的时间尺度频率稳定度(τ=1 h)达E-14量级,频率稳定度(τ=5 d)达E-15量级,长短期频率稳定度均优于动态类ALGOS的计算结果;2)全氢钟钟组配置下,运用动态类ALGOS算法良好,长期频率稳定度较使用AT1时间尺度算法提升。The atomic time scale is the reference for the master clock frequency sources in time keeping laboratories around the world.Since most time-keeping laboratories are equipped with only a single type of atomic clock,a single timescale calculation method can achieve good results.With the development of multiple types of atomic clocks in our country,using a single time scale calculation method will not give full play to the performance advantages of different types of atomic clocks.In order to calculate the time scale more reasonably,we propose to choose different time scale algorithms for different clock ensemble configurations.The characteristics of hydrogen masers and cesium atomic clocks are analyzed,including long and short term fluctuation,frequency stability and frequency drift.Then,we propose an ALGOS-LIKE algorithm,based on the two types of atomic clocks,the ALGOS-LIKE and AT1 time scale algorithms are used to calculate,compare and analyze.The results show that i)under the configuration of the cesium atomic clock ensemble,the time scales generated by the AT1 algorithm are of the order of E-14 for hour and E-15 for 5 days,and the long-term and short-term frequency stability are better than the calculation output of the dynamic ALGOS-LIKE algorithm;ii)under the clock ensemble configuration of the hydrogen maser ensemble,the ALGOS-LIKE algorithm is better,and the long-term frequency stability is improved compared with the AT1 time scale algorithm.

关 键 词：铯原子钟 氢钟 时间尺度 频漂 频率稳定度 

分 类 号：TH761.2[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]