苗期干旱胁迫对甘蓝型油菜生理生化指标的影响  

Effect of drought stress at seedling stage on the physiological and biochemical indicators of Brassica napus L.

作　　者：赵薇 赵彤 岳瑶琴 尚国霞[1,2] 余青兰 徐亮[1,2] 赵志刚 ZHAO Wei;ZHAO Tong;YUE Yaoqin;SHANG Guoxia;YU Qinglan;XU Liang;ZHAO Zhigang(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Laboratory of Research and Uilization of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau Germplasm Resourees,Qinghai Research Branch of the National Oil Crop Genetic Improvement Center,Key Laboratory of Spring Rapeseed Genetic Improvement of Qinghai Province,Qinghai Spring Rape Engineering Research Center,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,西宁810016 [2]青藏高原种质资源研究与利用实验室,国家油料改良中心青海分中心,青海省春油菜遗传改良重点实验室,青海省春油菜工程技术研究中心,西宁810016

出　　处：《青海大学学报》2025年第1期39-46,共8页Journal of Qinghai University

基　　金：国家科技创新2030-重大项目(2022ZD0401001);青海省科学技术厅项目(2022-ZJ-902)。

摘　　要：为快速鉴定甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus L.)苗期的抗旱性,缩小抗旱资源范围,筛选出具有强抗旱性的材料,本研究以15个不同抗旱性的甘蓝型油菜品种为试验材料,在苗期设置干旱胁迫组和正常灌溉(对照)组,测定脯氨酸、可溶性糖等7个生理生化指标,并运用抗旱指数、隶属函数及隶属度等方法,对各品种的耐旱性进行综合评价。结果表明:在干旱条件下,抗旱型与敏感型材料的可溶性蛋白和叶绿素抗旱指数呈极显著性差异,脯氨酸抗旱指数呈显著性差异。干旱胁迫下所有品种的光合作用均呈下降趋势,与对照组相比差异显著或极显著。根据隶属度排序,至尊、李帐878-879、青杂9号、AG5、伟杰和徐88等6个品种的隶属度达到0.50以上,被鉴定为强抗旱性品种;同时,有2个品种的隶属度低于0.30,被归类为敏感型品种。可溶性蛋白和叶绿素含量与苗期反复干旱存活率之间存在显著正相关,说明可溶性蛋白和叶绿素含量可作为抗旱性鉴定的有效参考指标。本研究为快速筛选甘蓝型油菜抗旱资源并缩小筛选范围提供了有效的方法和途径。A total of 15 Brassica napus L.varieties with different drought resistances were taken as experimental materials to quickly identify their drought resistance at seedling stage,narrow the range of drought resistant resources and screen the materials with strong drought resistance.A drought stress group and a normal irrigation(control)group were set up at seedling stage.A total of 7 physiological and biochemical indicators such as proline and soluble sugar were measured.The drought resistance coefficient,membership function and membership degree were adopted to comprehensively evaluate the drought tolerance of each variety.The results are as follows:Under drought conditions,there was a highly significant difference in the drought resistance index of soluble protein and chlorophyll between drought resistant materials and sensitive materials;the drought resistance index of proline also showed significant differences.Under drought stress,the photosynthesis of all varieties showed a decreasing trend,with significant or extremely significant differences compared to the control group.According to the ranking of membership degree,six varieties including Zhizun,Lizhang 878-879,Qingza 9,AG5,Weijie and Xu 88 had the values of over 0.50,identified as strong drought resistant varieties;two varieties were classified as sensitive varieties with membership degree below 0.30.There was a significant positive correlation between soluble protein and chlorophyll content and the survival rate of repeated drought at seedling stage,indicating that soluble protein and chlorophyll could be effective reference indicators for drought resistance identification.This study provides an effective method and approach for rapidly screening of drought resistant resources and narrowing the screening scope of Brassica napus L.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 苗期 干旱胁迫 生理生化指标 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]