不同有机肥对‘京白梨’果实生长和品质的影响  

Effects of Different Organic Fertilizers on Growth and Quality of‘Jingbai’Pear

作　　者：刘春 李锦锦 房世明 LIU Chun;LI Jinjin;FANG Shiming(School of Life Sciences,Huaibei Normal University,Huaibei 235000;Library of Huaibei Normal University,Huaibei 235000)

机构地区：[1]淮北师范大学生命科学学院,淮北235000 [2]淮北师范大学图书馆,淮北235000

出　　处：《吉林农业科技学院学报》2025年第1期6-11,共6页Journal of Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University

基　　金：林木育种与生态修复国家研究工程中心开放基金(LMYZKF2023001);安徽省教育厅高校自然科学基金项目(KJ2020B21);安徽省质量工程“六卓越一拔尖”项目(2022zybj085);安徽省质量工程“四新”研究与改革实践项目(2023sx068);安徽省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202310373010S)。

摘　　要：为了探讨不同有机肥对‘京白梨’果实生长和品质的影响,以3年生‘京白梨’植株为试材,对‘京白梨’植株追施鸡粪(FM)、羊粪(SM)、微生物菌有机肥(BM)和生物有机肥(BOM)4种有机肥,以追施化肥为对照CK,研究了‘京白梨’果实的生长指标和营养品质。结果表明:不同有机肥对‘京白梨’植株生长和果实品质的影响存在显著性差异。羊粪处理的果实单果质量、还原糖含量、类黄酮含量均高于其他处理。鸡粪处理的果实可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸含量均高于其他处理。与对照CK相比,其余处理的果实硬度均有所上升,鸡粪处理最高,羊粪处理最低,但均高于对照CK。各有机肥处理的果实石细胞含量均高于对照CK,生物有机肥处理最高,鸡粪处理最低。各有机肥处理的果实维生素C含量较对照CK略有下降,羊粪处理最低,其他处理间差异不显著。综合评价羊粪处理对各项指标表现最好。该研究比较了不同有机肥对‘京白梨’果实生长和品质的影响,筛选出具有最佳促进效果的有机肥,为北京地区‘京白梨’栽培过程中的施肥提供一定的理论依据。In order to investigate the effects of different organic fertilizers on the growth and quality of'Jingbai'pear,three-year-old'Jingbai'pear plants were used as test materials.Four types of organic fertilizers,namely chicken manure(FM),sheep manure(SM),microbial organic fertilizer(BM),and biological organic fertilizer(BOM)were applied to"Jingbai'pear plants as topdressing,and chemical fertilizer was used as the control CK.This paper studied the fruit growth and nutritional quality of Jingbai'pear.The results showed that there were significant differences among the effects of different organic fertilizers on the growth and fruit quality of Jingbai'pear plants.The singal fruit quality,reducing sugar content,and flavonoid content of sheep manure treatment were higher than those of other treatments.The content of soluble solids and titratable acid in chicken manure treatment fruits was higher than other treatments.Compared with CK,the hardness of fruits in other treatments increased,with the highest hardness in chicken manure treatment and the lowest hardness in sheep manure treatment,but both were higher than the control contrd CK.The content of stone cells in fruits treated with various organic fertilizers was higher than that of the control CK,with the highest content in the biological organic fertilizer treatment and the lowest content in the chicken manure treatment.The content of vitamin C in fruits treated with various organic fertilizers slightly decreased compared to the control CK,with the lowest content observed in the sheep manure treatment.There was no significant difference among the other treatments.The comprehensive evaluation showed that sheep manure treatment performed the best in all indicators.This study compared the effects of different organic fertilizers on the growth and quality of'Jingbai'pear fruit,and selected the organic fertilizer with the best promotion effect,providing a theoretical basis for fertilization in the cultivation process of Jingbai'pear in Beijing.

关 键 词：‘京白梨’ 有机肥 生物有机肥 微生物菌有机肥 果实生长 果实品质 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]