不同基因型麻疹病毒株细胞吸附力、复制力及致细胞病变能力的测定  

Determination of Adsorption,Replication,and Cytopathic Effect of Measles Virus Strains from Different Genotypes

作　　者：尤娜 张梦萍 张苏晗 李东[2] 陈致飞[2] 张海荣 郑凝旋 杨秀惠[1,2] YOU Na;ZHANG Mengping;ZHANG Suhan;LI Dong;CHEN Zhifei;ZHANG Hairong;ZHENG Ningxuan;YANG Xiuhui(The School of Public Health,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350122,China;Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonoses,Fuzhou 350012,China;Ningde Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiaocheng352101,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学公共卫生学院,福州350122 [2]福建省疾病预防控制中心福建省人兽共患病重点实验室,福州350012 [3]宁德市疾病预防控制中心,蕉城352101

出　　处：《病毒学报》2025年第1期39-47,共9页Chinese Journal of Virology

基　　金：福建省科技创新平台建设项目(项目号:2019Y2001),题目:福建省预防医学研究院建设。

摘　　要：麻疹病毒基因型流行数量在逐年下降,但B3和D8基因型病毒株却频频出现,并成为近年唯一发现在流行的两个野病毒基因型;我国本土H1基因型在2019年后未再检出。本研究从细胞水平分析了输入B3和D8基因型病毒株、本土H1基因型不同年代分离株及疫苗株在Vero/SLAM细胞上吸附力、复制力和致细胞病变能力的差异性。结果发现,不同分离株间存在不同程度表现型的差异,有可能影响其传播流行的强度。与S_(191)疫苗株相比,B3基因型代表株MV19-1144(B3)在Vero/SLAM细胞上虽具有较低的吸附能力,却有较强复制能力和致细胞病变能力,能快速地在较短时间内达到拷贝数和病毒量的高峰;另一代表株MV18-55(B3)细胞吸附力更强些,早期同样不存在下降期,就开始病毒较强的复制和增殖。MV19-1214(D8)具有较强的吸附能力,更容易感染宿主细胞,但是病毒复制力和致细胞病变能力则较弱;MV20-17(D8)却具有不一样的表现,其吸附力较MV19-1214(D8)弱些,但复制和致细胞病变能力更接近疫苗株病毒。福建省近期的H1基因型分离株MV15-278(H1a)和MV16-189(H1a)虽然在吸附力方面和早期H1分离株相比无统计学差别,但先后出现了复制力和致细胞病变能力的下降,提示在强大的免疫压力下,本土病毒株可能出现了突变,减缓了病毒传播和流行的速度,最终使得H1a基因型在福建的阻断。The number of circulating measles viruses(MeV)genotypes has been decreasing year by years,but B3 and D8 genotypes have frequently emerged and are now the only two circulating wild-type genotypes in recent years.The local Chinese H1 genotype has not been detected since 2019.In this study,the adsorption,replication,and cytopathic effect of imported B3 and D8 genotype strains,local H1 genotype strains from different years,and vaccine strains were analyzed on Vero/SLAM cells at the cellular level.The results revealed phenotypic differences among the strains,which may influence their epidemic potential.Compared to the vaccine virus S_(191),the B3 representative strain MV19-1144(B3)exhibited lower adsorption capacity on Vero/SLAM cells but demonstrated higher replication ability and a stronger cytopathic effect,rapidly reaching a peak in virus load and copy number in a short period.Another B3 strain,MV18-55(B3),showed stronger adsorption capacity and initiated replication and viral multiplication early,without an initial decline.MV19-1214(D8)exhibited stronger adsorption capacity and more readily infected host cells,but its replication ability and cytopathic effect were weaker.In contrast,MV20-17(D8)showed a different phenotype,with weaker adsorption capacity compared to MV19-1214(D8),but its replication and cytopathic effect were more similar to those of the vaccine strain.For the local H1a genotype,no significant differences in adsorption capacity were observed among the isolates.However,the replication ability and cytopathic effect of the more recent H1a isolates,MV15-278(H1a)and MV16-189(H1a)from Fujian Province,China,showed a decline compared to earlier isolates,suggesting that under strong immune pressure,local strains may have mutated,slowing virus transmission and spread.This may eventually lead to the interruption of local virus circulation and the elimination of measles.

关 键 词：麻疹病毒 拷贝数 吸附力 复制力 致细胞病效应 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]