咽痒咳合剂挥发油成分分析及薄层色谱鉴别研究  

Study on Volatile Oil Composition Analysis and Thin Layer Chromatography Identification of Yanyangke Mixture(咽痒咳合剂)

作　　者：梁晓莲 桂雄斌[3] 赵凤仙 马家宝[3] 杨正腾[3] 陈勇[2] 李冠慧 LIANG Xiaolian;GUI Xiongbin;ZHAO Fengxian;MA Jiabao;YANG Zhengteng;CHEN Yong;LI Guanhui(Wuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Wuzhou 543000,Guangxi,China;Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning 530001,Guangxi,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanning 530001,Guangxi,China;Jingxi People′s Hospital,Jingxi 533800,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]梧州市中医医院,广西梧州543000 [2]广西中医药大学,广西南宁530001 [3]广西中医药大学第一附属医院,广西南宁530001 [4]靖西市人民医院,广西靖西533800

出　　处：《辽宁中医杂志》2025年第3期140-145,I0003,I0004,共8页Liaoning Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：广西科技计划项目(桂科AD23023011);广西壮瑶药重点实验室(GXZYKF2022-12)。

摘　　要：目的建立咽痒咳合剂超临界CO_(2)萃取中挥发油成分分析、薄层色谱鉴别方法。方法使用超临界CO_(2)萃取技术(supercritical CO_(2)extraction,SFE-CO_(2))萃取咽痒咳合剂中紫苏叶、厚朴、细辛的挥发油成分,采用气相色谱质谱联用仪(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)对挥发油进行成分分析,并采用面积归一化法测定各化学成分的相对百分含量。采用薄层色谱法(thin-layer chromatography,TLC)对咽痒咳合剂中麻黄、甘草、厚朴、紫苏、细辛进行薄层鉴别研究。结果咽痒咳合剂中紫苏叶、厚朴、细辛在适宜的SFE-CO_(2)萃取条件下,共鉴定出67种化学成分,占总峰面积的80.51%,主要由萜、烃、醇、酸、酚、酮、酯、醛、醚、酰胺10类化合物组成,其中相对百分含量较高的成分有甲基丁香酚(12.96%)、厚朴酚(11.95%)、β-细辛脑(5.06%)、角鲨烯(4.72%)、α-亚麻酸(4.71%)、异亚油酸(4.65%)、黄樟素(4.47%)、3,4,5-三甲氧基甲苯(3.92%)、β-石竹烯(3.18%)、反式角鲨烯(3.14%)等。对咽痒咳合剂进行TLC法鉴别研究,在麻黄、甘草、紫苏、厚朴、细辛的TLC法鉴别实验中,斑点清晰可见,分离度好,专属性强,阴性对照无干扰。结论咽痒咳合剂挥发油成分分析结果可为其药效学研究及其进一步开发利用奠定基础。咽痒咳合剂中麻黄、甘草、细辛、厚朴、紫苏的TLC法鉴别方法操作便捷、重现性佳、斑点特征性强。Objective To establish the analysis of volatile oil components in supercritical CO_(2)extraction and the method of Yanyangke Mixture(咽痒咳合剂).Methods Supercritical CO_(2)extraction(SFE-CO_(2))was used to extract the volatile oil components of Zisuye(Perillae Folium),Houpo(Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex)and Xixin(Asari Radix et Rhizoma)in Yanyangke Mixture.The components of volatile oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The relative percentage content of each chemical component was determined by area normalization method.Thin-layer chromatography(TLC)method was used to identify Mahuang(Ephedrae Herba),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Houpo(Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex),Zisuye(Perillae Folium)and Xixin(Asari Radix et Rhizoma)in Yanyangke Mixture.Results Under the suitable SFE-CO_(2)extraction conditions,a total of 67 chemical constituents were identified from Zisuye(Perillae Folium),Houpo(Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex)and Xixin(Asari Radix et Rhizoma)in Yanyangke Mixture,accounting for 80.51%of the total peak area.The main constituents were terpenoids,hydrocarbons,alcohols,acids,phenols,ketones,esters,aldehydes,ethers and amides.The components with relatively high content were methyleugenol(12.96%),magnolol(11.95%),β-asarone(5.06%),squalene(4.72%),α-linolenic acid(4.71%),isolinoleic acid(4.65%),safrole(4.47%),3,4,5-trimethoxytoluene(3.92%),β-caryophyllene(3.18%),trans-squalene(3.14%),etc.The TLC identification of Yanyangke Mixture was studied in the TLC identification test of Mahuang(Ephedrae Herba),Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Houpo(Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex),Zisuye(Perillae Folium)and Xixin(Asari Radix et Rhizoma).The spots were clearly visible,the separation was good,the specificity was strong,and the negative control had no interference.Conclusion The analysis results of volatile oil components in Yanyangke Mixture can lay a foundation for its pharmacodynamics research and further development and utilization.The TLC method of Mahuang(Ephedrae Herba),Gancao(Gly

关 键 词：咽痒咳合剂 超临界CO_(2)萃取 成分分析 薄层色谱鉴别 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学]