花生农艺性状与荚果物理特性分析及适宜机械脱壳品种筛选  

Analysis of Peanut Agronomic and Pod Physical Traits and Screening of Varieties Suitable for Mechanical Shelling

作　　者：任亮 于树涛 孙泓希 殷业超 张晓光 Ren Liang;Yu Shutao;Sun Hongxi;Yin Yechao;Zhang Xiaoguang(Research Institute of Sandy Land Control and Utilization,Fuxin,123000)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省沙地治理与利用研究所,阜新123000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2025年第1期142-151,共10页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-13);辽宁省揭榜挂帅科技攻关专项(JH1/104)共同资助。

摘　　要：以花生机械化加工品种为目标,本研究对辽宁种植的高油酸花生品种进行农艺性状及荚果特性分析。结果表明,百果重与荚果长、荚果宽显著正相关,单株双饱果与荚果宽、荚果高显著负相关,百仁重与荚果宽达到极显著水平;荚果长、荚果宽、荚果高与百仁重关联最大,而与单株饱果与单株秕果关联不大;对供试材料主要农艺性状与荚果性状的灰色关联分析,关联序数排序为出米率>荚果宽>荚果长>成仁率>荚果高>百仁重>机械出仁率,产量与荚果物理特性及机械出仁率关联系数最大,而与农艺性状关联度较低;经花生机械出仁率及成仁率结果分析,筛选出适于机械化剥壳的花生品种为’豫花76’、‘冀农花12号’和‘阜花35’,为辽宁机械化加工高油酸花生品种选择提供参考。For screening mechanized processing peanut varieties,in our study,agronomic traits and pod traits of main cultivated high oleic acid peanut varieties in Liaoning were analyzed.The results showed that the 100-pod weight was significantly positive correlated with the length of pod and the width of pod,and the number of two-mature-kernel pod per plant was significantly negatively correlated with the width of pod and the height of pod,and the weight of 100-kernel was very significantly correlated with the width of pod.The length,width,height of pod had the greatest correlation with 100-pod weight,but barely correlated to the number of mature pod per plant and blighted pod per plant.According to gray correlation analysis of agronomic traits and pod traits,the correlation degree order kernel rate>width of pod>length of pod>well kernel rate>height of pod>100-pod weight>kernel rate with mechanical shelling.The correlation coefficient between yield and pod physical traits and kernel rate with mechanical shelling was the largest,while the correlation degree with agronomic traits was low.Based on the result of the kernel rate and well kernel rate with mechanical shelling,the peanut varieties('Yuhua76','Jinonghua 12'and'Fuhua 35')suitable for mechanical shelling were selected,which provided theoretical basis for breeding of processing high oleic peanut varieties in Liaoning.

关 键 词：花生 高油酸 荚果 机械脱壳 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]