数字时代低龄未成年人犯罪治理难点与策略优化  

Research on the Difficulties and Strategies of Governing Juvenile Delinquency in the Digital Age

作　　者：金泽刚[1] 金斌海 JIN Zegang;JIN Binhai(Tongji University Law School,Shanghai 200092,China;Zhongkai Law Firm,Shanghai 200127,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学法学院,上海200092 [2]北京中凯律师事务所,上海200127

出　　处：《河南警察学院学报》2025年第1期12-23,共12页Journal of Henan Police College

摘　　要：尽管我国在持续强化未成年人犯罪预防工作,但低龄未成年人恶性犯罪事件仍偶发并引起社会强烈关注。从近些年多地颁布的《未成年人检察工作白皮书》分析,数字时代未成年人受网络影响的深度与广度大幅提升,犯罪率呈上升趋势,相关规制与保护性法律丰富但适应性较低。从外因看,网络扩展了低龄未成年人的犯罪空间与手段,海量复杂信息冲击其心理,算法机制加速改变其道德、法治观念与行为模式;从内因看,现行法律规范存在滞后性,治理模式缺少落实与协作机制,致使犯罪预防成效有限。为实现低龄未成年人犯罪优化治理,于法律层面需激活《刑法》第十七条第三款与《未成年人保护法》的适用;于治理层面需加强协作,实现预防优先;于犯罪诱因层面需同时注重事前预防、事中管理与事后分析研判。Although China has continuously invested in the prevention of juvenile delinquency,heinous crimes committed by underage minors still occur occasionally and have drawn strong social attention.Analyzed from the White Papers on Juvenile Prosecution Work issued in many places in the past decade,in the digital age,the depth and breadth of the influence of the Internet on minors have significantly increased,and the crime rate shows an upward trend.There are abundant regulatory and protective laws but with relatively low adaptability.Externally,the Internet has expanded the criminal space for underage minors and has an adverse impact on their physical and mental health development.The algorithm mechanism accelerates the change of their moral and legal concepts and behavior patterns.Internally,the existing legal norms are lagging behind,and the governance model lacks implementation and coordination mechanisms,resulting in limited effectiveness in crime prevention.Regarding the solution strategies,it is necessary to activate the application of Paragraph 3 of Article 17 of the Criminal Law and the Law on the Protection of Minors at the legal level;it is necessary to strengthen cooperation and give priority to prevention at the governance level.From the aspect of addressing the incentives for crime,pre-event prevention,in-event management,and post-event analysis should be strengthened simultaneously.

关 键 词：数字时代 低龄未成年人犯罪 未成年人网络犯罪预防 预防优先 

分 类 号：D924.11[政治法律—刑法学]