波转子长度-转速设计规律及其失效现象分析  

Wave rotor design principle of length and rotational speed and its failure phenomena

作　　者：李苏阳 康宜勤 邢菲 产世宁 LI Suyang;KANG Yiqin;XING Fei;CHAN Shining(School of Aerospace Engineering,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361100,China;Advanced Aircraft and Propulsion Innovation Research Center,Ningbo Institute of Technology,Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Ningbo 315800,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学航空航天学院,福建厦门361100 [2]北京航空航天大学宁波创新研究院先进飞行器与空天动力创新研究中心,浙江宁波315800

出　　处：《推进技术》2025年第3期61-69,共9页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：“慧眼行动”创新成果转化应用项目(45367072);宁波市重点技术研发项目(2021Z035);宁波青年科技创新领军人才创新研究项目(2023QL024)。

摘　　要：波转子的增压功能与叶轮机械相当,其优点之一是转速、转子离心负荷较低;而且在设计中增加转子通道的长度即可成反比地降低转速,但这种设计规律的有效性取决于它对流动现象的影响。为此,本文按照长度-转速规律设计一系列波转子方案,用数值模拟方法分析其流动现象。结果表明:在增加长度、同时成反比降低转速时,波转子的波系结构和压比均无显著变化,从而验证了长度-转速设计规律的原理;但本文发现长度增至基准方案的十六倍,波转子的1号、2号端口空气流速分别降低约一半,导致波转子排入燃烧室的工质全部是回流烟气,这种流动现象将造成波转子的功能失效。The boosting capability of the wave rotor is comparable to that of turbomachinery,with one of its advantages being the lower rotational speed and centrifugal load on the rotor.Additionally,the design can reduce the rotational speed inversely by increasing the length of the rotor channel,yet the validity of this design principle hinges on its impact on the flow phenomena.To this end,this paper has designed a series of wave rotor schemes in accordance with the length-speed rule and analyzed their flow phenomena using numerical simulation meth⁃ods.The results indicate that when the length increases while the rotational speed is decreased inversely propor⁃tionally,there are no significant changes in the wave system structure and pressure ratio of the wave rotor,thus confirming the principle of the length-speed design rule.However,this paper also found that when the length in⁃creases to 16 times that of the baseline scheme,the air velocity at the 1st and 2nd ports of the wave rotor is halved,causing all the working fluid entering the combustion chamber of the wave rotor is exhaust gas recircula⁃tion,a flow phenomenon that would lead to the malfunctioning of the wave rotor.

关 键 词：波转子 长度-转速设计 回流烟气 数值模拟 失效现象 压力波 

分 类 号：V235[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]