油气喷射参数对航空重油空气辅助喷射喷雾特性影响  

Effects of fuel-air injection parameter on spray characteristics of aviation heavy fuel air assisted injection

作　　者：赵乐文 张哲[1] 孙林肖 赵研明 ZHAO Lewen;ZHANG Zhe;SUN Linxiao;ZHAO Yanming(Beijing Power Machinery Institute,Beijing 100074,China;Aerospace Science and Industry Aerospace Power Research Institute(Suzhou)Co.,Ltd,Suzhou 215134,China)

机构地区：[1]北京动力机械研究所,北京100074 [2]航天科工空天动力研究院(苏州)有限责任公司,江苏苏州215134

出　　处：《推进技术》2025年第3期109-120,共12页Journal of Propulsion Technology

摘　　要：空气辅助喷射技术是点燃式重油活塞发动机实现高效雾化燃烧的重要手段,而油气喷射参数是空气辅助喷射技术的关键。本文采用了三维相位多普勒测量技术以及高速摄影捕捉测试设备,研究了不同油气喷射参数对点燃式四冲程航空重油空气辅助喷射宏观喷雾特性和微观粒径分布的影响。结果表明,喷雾的纵向贯穿距和喷雾锥角与空气喷嘴晚开时间t_(1)呈现正相关的趋势,横向贯穿距受t_(1)的影响则较小。t_(1)为0 ms时,截面处整体粒径较小,大粒径微粒占比不到10%,且粒速在5 m/s以上的区域占比较大,燃油的破碎雾化效果较好。空气喷嘴晚关时间t_(2)的延长使得微粒粒径频率分布的相位整体呈现左移趋势。t_(2)为5 ms时,30μm以下的小粒径微粒占比以及5 m/s以上的粒速区域分布占比均超过了60%。油嘴和气嘴同时开启、合理地延长喷气脉宽是针对重油较为优良的空气辅助喷射策略。Air assisted injection technology is the significant method for achieving efficient atomization combustion in spark ignition heavy fuel piston engines,while fuel-air injection parameter is the key for air assist⁃ed injection technology.Based on a four stork spark ignition aviation heavy fuel piston engine,this paper studied the effects of different fuel-air injection parameter on the macro spray characteristics and micro particle size dis⁃tribution of aviation heavy fuel air assisted injection.High-speed photograph testing system and 3D phase Dop⁃pler measurement technology were applied in it.The results indicated that the longitudinal penetration distance of spray and spray cone angle were positively correlated with air nozzle delayed opening time t_(1),while the transverse penetration distance was less affected by t_(1).While t_(1) was 0 ms,the overall particle size at the cross-section is small,with larger particles accounting for less than 10%,and areas with particle velocities above 5 m/s account for a larger proportion,indicating better fuel fragmentation and atomization effects.The increase of the air nozzle delayed closing time t_(2) causes the overall phase shift of the particle size frequency distribution to the left.While t_(2) was 5 ms,the proportion of small particle size below 30μm and the regional distribution of particle velocity above 5 m/s both exceeded 60%.Simultaneously opening the fuel nozzle and air nozzle,and reasonably increas⁃ing the injection pulse width,was an excellent air assisted injection strategy for heavy fuel.

关 键 词：油气喷射参数 航空重油活塞发动机 空气辅助喷射 四冲程 喷雾特性 

分 类 号：V234.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]