基于Vold-Kalman滤波的机动飞行下转子支承系统振动特性实验研究  

Experimental study on vibration behavior of rotor-support system in maneuvering flights based on Vold-Kalman filtering

作　　者：范翔南 陈曦 张博 杨德志 任光明 FAN Xiangnan;CHEN Xi;ZHANG Bo;YANG Dezhi;REN Guangming(Department of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]南方科技大学力学与航空航天工程系,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《推进技术》2025年第3期227-241,共15页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12302066);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022A1515110077);深圳市高等院校稳定支持计划(20220815113550002);广东省珠江人才计划(2019CX01Z084)。

摘　　要：机动飞行条件下高速转子系统会同时受到环境载荷以及转子自身的共同激励而产生强烈的强迫响应。为研究其复杂的振动特性,本文采用Vold-Kalman滤波(Vold-Kalman Filter,VKF)对不同基础运动激励下转子系统的实测振动信号进行阶次跟踪滤波。为验证VKF的有效性及参数设置的可靠性,通过转子动力特性计算生成系统响应的仿真信号,并通过加噪处理模拟测量信号,然后通过VKF提取目标阶次的时域波形。通过陀螺运动转子动力学试验,测得不同基础转动激起的系统振动响应,组合使用VKF和计算阶次跟踪(Computed Order Tracking,COT)提取并分离了转子转频信号和基础低频信号的时域和阶次信息。结果表明,单轴滚转或俯仰运动均会激起与其频率一致的低频振动响应,且滚转、俯仰角速度的大小会影响该低频信号的幅值大小;随着基础运动角速度的变化,转子前四阶振动分量没有发生明显的变化,而基础运动频率与转频之间的频带区域有显著变化。此方法有效地提升了机动飞行下转子支承系统振动信号处理与分析的准确度和效率,降低了信号噪声。In the conditions of maneuvering flight,high-speed rotor systems of aero-engines are subjected to both environmental loads and rotor-induced excitations,resulting in intense forced responses.To investigate the complicated vibration characteristics,Vold-Kalman filter(VKF)method is applied to perform order tracking and filtering on the measured vibration signals of a rotor system excited by different base motions.To validate the effectiveness of VKF and the reliability of parameter settings,the simulation signals of system responses were cal⁃culated by rotor dynamics,and then processed with added noise to simulate the measured signals.Subsequently,the corresponding time-domain waveforms of target orders were extracted through VKF.The experiments of gyro⁃scopic motions and rotor dynamics were conducted to measure the system’s vibration responses induced by base rotations,and then the combination of VKF and computed order tracking(COT)was utilized to extract and sepa⁃rate the time-domain and order information of the rotor rotational frequency signals and the base low-frequency signals.The results indicate that the rolling or pitching motions will induce vibration forced responses which are consistent with such low frequencies,and the rolling and pitching angular velocities affect the magnitude of these low-frequency signals.With the variation of the base angular velocity,the first four orders of vibration re⁃sponses do not show significant changes,while the frequency band region between the base low-frequency and the rotational frequency changes obviously.Overall,using VKF_OT,it effectively improves the accuracy and effi⁃ciency of data processing and analysis,and reduces signal noise in vibration responses of rotor-support systems during maneuvering flights.

关 键 词：Vold-Kalman滤波 相对带宽 机动飞行 转子支承系统 振动特性试验 

分 类 号：V231.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]