不同海拔森林土壤的阳离子交换性能  

Cation exchange properties of forest soil at different altitudes

作　　者：顾晓娟 何至杭 林子湛 刘林云慧 苏梦 莫其锋 GU Xiaojuan;HE Zhihang;LIN Zizhan;LIU Linyunhui;SU Meng;MO Qifeng(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642,China;Guangdong Yangchun E’huangzhang Provincial Nature Reserve Management Office,Yangjiang,Guangdong 529631,China;CFERN Guangdong E’huangzhang National Field Observation and Research Station,Yangjiang,Guangdong 529631,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东广州510642 [2]广东阳春鹅凰嶂省级自然保护区管理处,广东阳江529631 [3]中国森林生态系统定位观测研究网络广东鹅凰嶂野外科学观测研究站,广东阳江529631

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2025年第2期147-156,共10页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：广东省林业生态监测网络平台建设项目“鹅凰嶂生态站运行与维护”(2023KYXM09);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目“热带北缘季雨林树木非结构性碳对高降雨的响应及调控机制”(2023A1515012129)。

摘　　要：为探究不同海拔森林土壤阳离子交换性能的空间特征及其影响因素,以广东阳春鹅凰嶂省级自然保护区内不同海拔(100 m和400 m,分别标记为L1和L2)的森林土壤(0~20、20~40、40~60、60~80、80~100 cm)为研究对象,分析土壤交换性盐基离子、阳离子交换量(CEC)、盐基离子总量(TEB)和盐基饱和度(BS)等指标的变化特征。结果表明:土壤CEC呈现为L1>L2,且在两个海拔森林土壤中均随土层深度的加深先降低后升高;土壤TEB和BS在整体上呈现为L2>L1,BS在L1森林土壤中随土层深度的加深逐渐降低,但在L2森林土壤中则随土层深度加深逐渐升高。Ca^(2+)与Mg^(2+)含量的比值小于5,说明存在缺钙风险。冗余分析结果表明,土壤pH值和总有机碳含量分别对L1和L2森林土壤阳离子交换性能的贡献度最高。研究区土壤肥力较低且存在缺钙风险,L2森林土壤的养分保持能力和供应能力更强,更利于植物的生长,海拔变化引起的气温、降水等的差异通过调控风化淋溶作用和有机质周转速率进而改变土壤阳离子交换性能。This study aims to explore the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of cation exchange properties of forest soil at different altitudes.The forest soil samples(0-20,20-40,40-60,60-80 cm,and 80-100 cm)at two altitudes(100 m and 400 m,marked as L1 and L2,respectively)were collected from the Guangdong Yangchun E’huangzhang Provincial Nature Reserve.The exchangeable base ions,cation exchange capacity(CEC),total exchangeable base(TEB),and base saturation(BS)of each soil sample were analyzed.The results showed that the CEC was in an order of L1>L2,first decreasing and then increasing with the increase in soil depth at both altitudes.Soil TEB and BS showed a trend of L2>L1.BS decreased gradually with the increase in soil depth at L1,while it increased gradually with the increase in soil depth at L2.The ratios of Ca^(2+)to Mg^(2+)content was lower than 5,indicating that the soil was at the risk of lacking calcium.The results of redundancy analysis showed that soil pH and total organic carbon had the highest contribution to the cation exchange capacity of soil samples at L1 and L2,respectively.In summary,the soil fertility in this study area is low and there is a risk of calcium deficiency.The soil at L2 demonstrates higher nutrient retention capacity and supply capacity,being more conducive to plant growth.The differences in temperature and precipitation caused by changes in altitude regulate the weathering and leaching rates and the organic matter turnover,thereby altering the cation exchange properties of the soil.

关 键 词：热带北缘 广东阳春鹅凰嶂省级自然保护区 海拔 阳离子交换量 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S714.5[农业科学—林学]