不同品种香榧对高温的生理响应及其耐热性评价  

Physiological responses and heat resistance of Torreya grandis varieties to high temperatures

作　　者：张钰林 刘亚敏[1,2] 刘玉民 贾朋聚[1,2] 朱娅婷[1,2] ZHANG Yulin;LIU Yamin;LIU Yumin;JIA Pengju;ZHU Yating(College of Resources and Environment,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Key Laboratory of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Area,Ministry of Education,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715 [2]三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2025年第2期192-202,共11页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：重庆市林业科技攻关重点项目“香榧引种试验及优良品种筛选与繁育技术研究”(ylky2015-07);重庆市科技兴林项目“香榧优良种苗快繁及高产复合栽培利用技术研究”(ylky2019-12)。

摘　　要：为探明不同品种香榧对高温的生理响应,筛选出耐热性较强的香榧品种,以引种到重庆的3个香榧品种为研究对象,测定高温下不同品种香榧叶片的光合参数、相对含水率(RWC)、相对电导率(REC)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、渗透调节物质含量和抗氧化酶活性等生理指标,运用隶属函数法评价不同香榧品种的耐热性。结果表明:3个品种香榧在高温下的光合能力不同,其中‘东榧2号’的最大净光合速率(P_(n,max))、光补偿点(L_(CP))、光饱和点(L_(SP))、最大羧化速率(V_(c,max))、最大光合电子传递速率(J_(max))、磷酸丙糖利用率(R_(tpu))、叶片光合色素和氮含量较高,在夏季光合效率和碳同化能力较强,而‘东榧1号’的光合作用最差。不同品种香榧响应高温的生理路径不同,高温下‘东榧2号’的RWC、脯氨酸含量、CAT活性均最高,REC、MDA含量最低;‘象牙榧’的可溶性糖含量、SOD活性、POD活性最高;‘东榧1号’的可溶性蛋白含量最高。综合评价结果显示,各品种耐热强度为:‘东榧2号’>‘象牙榧’>‘东榧1号’。‘东榧2号’在夏季高温下的光合适应性和碳固定能力更强,叶片渗透调节物质含量和抗氧化酶活性较高,耐热性较好,在重庆等夏季高温区域具有较好的培育和推广前景。This study aims to investigate the physiological responses of different varieties of Torreya grandis to high temperatures and identify heat-resistant varieties suitable for introduction to Chongqing.Three T.grandis varieties were selected as the research subjects.Key physiological indicators,including photosynthetic parameters,relative water content(RWC),relative electrical conductivity(REC),malondialdehyde(MDA)content,osmotic adjustment substances content,and antioxidant enzyme activities,were measured in the leaves of three varieties introduced to Chongqing.Heat resistance was evaluated by the subordinate function method.The results revealed significant variations in photosynthetic performance among the three T.grandis varieties exposed to hightemperatures.‘Dongfei 2 hao’exhibited higher maximum net photosynthetic rate(P_(n,max)),light compensation point(L_(CP)),light saturation point(L_(SP)),maximum carboxylation rate(V_(c,max)),maximum photosynthetic electron transport rate(J_(max)),triose phosphate utilization rate(R tpu),photosynthetic pigment content,and leaf nitrogen content,demonstrating higher photosynthetic efficiency and carbon assimilation capacity during summer.In contrast,‘Dongfei 1 hao’displayed the lowest photosynthetic performance,with limited adaptability to heat stress.Distinct physiological responses to heat stress were also observed.‘Dongfei 2 hao’maintained the highest RWC,proline content,and catalase activity,alongside the lowest REC and MDA levels.‘Xiangyafei’exhibited the highest soluble sugar content,superoxide dismutase activity,and peroxidase activity,while‘Dongfei 1 hao’showed the highest soluble protein content.The comprehensive evaluation ranked the heat resistance of the varieties as follows:‘Dongfei 2 hao’>‘Xiangyafei’>‘Dongfei 1 hao’.Among the three varieties,‘Dongfei 2 hao’demonstrated superior adaptability to high temperatures in Chongqing,with enhanced photosynthetic performance,robust osmotic adjustment,and strong antioxidant defense mecha

关 键 词：香榧 高温 生理特性 耐热性 

分 类 号：S791.53[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S722.5[农业科学—林学]