论章太炎对戴震经学考据方法的继承与发展——以《尚书》考据为例  

On Zhang Taiyan's Inheritance and Development of Dai Zhen's Method of Textual Criticism:Taking the Textual Criticism of The Book of History as an Example

作　　者：徐玲英 李梦梦 XU Lingying;LI Mengmeng(School of Arts,Anhui University,Hefei 230039,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学文学院,合肥230039

出　　处：《合肥大学学报》2025年第1期1-7,共7页Journal of Hefei University

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“戴震学术成就及其对皖派朴学的引领”(20FZXB044);安徽省高等学校高峰学科建设“徽学”委托项目“戴震训诂学成就及其对皖派朴学的效应”(GFXKOHX005)。

摘　　要：章太炎师从俞樾,继承了戴震实事求是的治学精神和科学的考据方法,并在现代转型的学术背景下对戴震的考据方法有所发展,但是较少有学者从经学考据方面研究章太炎与戴震的学术关系。比较戴震与章太炎的《尚书》研究可见,章太炎继承了戴震“贯群经、本六书”“因声求义、明确语转”“以经解字”的考据方法,并进一步将史学视角引入《尚书》考据,在训诂中运用《三体石经》新材料、将语法知识应用于文字考释。章太炎是从传统学术向现代转型的一个重要节点。梳理章太炎对戴震经学考据方法的继承与发展,有助于理清皖派朴学考据方法的传承关系,展现新旧交替的承接过程。皖派朴学之所以能够成为绵延数百年的蔚然大派,究其原因,一是皖派具有科学的考据方法,二是不断有学者继承并发展皖派朴学的考据方法,成为皖派朴学的源头活水。Zhang Taiyan,a student of Yu Yue,inherited Dai Zhen's pragmatic and scientific approach to textual criticism and further developed it in the context of modern transformative scholarship.However,fewer scholars have studied the academic relationship between Zhang Taiyan and Dai Zhen from the method of textual criticism.By comparing their research on The Book of History,it can be seen that Zhang Taiyan inherited Dai Zhen' s textual research methods,such as“choosing the good based on comprehensive group books,based on six types of Chinese characters”“seeking meaning based on voice to clarify the method of voice conversion”and“interpreting the meaning of words through text”.Zhang Taiyan took it a step further by introducing the historical perspective into the textual criticism,using the new materials of Shijing Inscribed in Three Scripts in the exegesis,and applying grammatical knowledge to the textual interpretation and so on.Zhang Taiyan is an important node in the transition of traditional scholarship to modernity scholarship.Analyzing Zhang Taiyan' s inheritance and development of Dai Zhen' s method of textual criticism can help us to clarify the inheritance relationship of the Wan School of Natural Philosophy and to show the process of transition from the old to the new.The enduring success of the Wan School of Natural Philosophy can be attributed to two factors:first,its scientific method of textual criticism,and second,the continuous development and innovation of its methods by successive scholars,which has kept the tradition vital and dynamic.

关 键 词：戴震 章太炎 经学考据 《尚书》 学术关系 

分 类 号：I206.09[文学—中国文学]