基于船舶-流场运动耦合的内河典型碍航结构物绕航机理  

Deviation Mechanism of Typical Obstructive Structures in Inland Rivers Based on Ship-Flow Field Motion Coupling

作　　者：王皓田 张磊[1,2] 张智勇 谭昆 吕品 吴卫国 WANG Haotian;ZHANG Lei;ZHANG Zhiyong;TAN Kun;LYU Pin;WU Weiguo(Green&Smart River-Sea-Going Ship Cruise and Yacht Research Center,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;Hubei Province Engineering Research Center on Green&Smart River-Sea-Going Ship,Wuhan 430063,China;Changjiang Waterway Institute of Planning and Design,Wuhan 430040,China;Changjiang Wuhan Waterway Engineering Company,Wuhan 430014,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学绿色智能江海直达船舶与邮轮游艇研究中心,武汉430063 [2]绿色智能江海直达船舶湖北省工程研究中心,武汉430063 [3]长江航道规划设计研究院,武汉430040 [4]长江武汉航道工程局,武汉430014

出　　处：《船舶工程》2025年第2期44-52,共9页Ship Engineering

基　　金：海南省科技计划三亚崖州湾科技城联合项目(2021JJLH0035);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52201377);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(WUT223173001)。

摘　　要：[目的]为揭示船舶通过碍航结构物的绕航机理,[方法]从流场-船舶耦合作用动力学角度出发,基于Fluent进行二次开发,构建船舶多自由度运动耦合和流场-船舶多物理场耦合的解耦求解方法,选取具有典型碍航结构物的航道(桥区和弯道)进行船舶航行模拟,并对计算得到的流场-船舶相互作用压力场和船舶绕航运动历程进行分析。[结果]研究结果表明:上、下水航行船舶的船-墩最小距离分别出现在桥墩前和桥墩中,建议船舶从两桥墩之间航行;弯道中斜流对船舶航行的影响较大,主机推力与舵角匹配可提升船舶的航行安全性和通航效率。[结论]研究成果可供船舶绕航机理研究参考,保证船舶顺利通过碍航结构物。[Purpose]In order to reveal the mechanism of ship sailing through obstructions in the inland river route,[Method]the research from the perspective of flow-ship interaction dynamics is carried out.A decoupling solution method is developed based on Fluent for the problem of multiple degrees of freedom motion and multi-physics field.Two typical inland river routes(bridge area,curve)are chosen,and their detouring processes of ship are calculated.Analysis of the pressure distribution and the movement of ship calculated were carried out.[Result]The results show that the minimum distances of sailing downstream and upstream between ship and pier are found in the front and middle of the pier,respectively,and sailing through the center of the bridge opening is suggested.The oblique flow has great influence on the navigation in the curve,and the navigation safety and efficiency of the ship can be improved by matching propeller thrust and rudder angle.[Conclusion]The dynamics method based on flow-ship interaction is an effective way to study the detouring mechanism of ship in the inland river route.Key points of ship manoeuvring technology can provide references for the ship sailing through obstructions.The revealed detouring mechanism provides theoretical support for the autonomous navigation of the ship and intelligent shipping.

关 键 词：水路交通技术 绕航机理 船舶-流场运动耦合 碍航结构物 内河航道 

分 类 号：U694[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] U675.9[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]