坡口切割方式对12CrMoV钢氩弧焊接头组织和性能的影响  

Effect of Groove Cutting Method on Microstructure and Properties of Argon Arc Welded Joints of 12CrMoV Steel

作　　者：冉鑫 杨梅 洪磊 洪亮 刘涛 RAN Xin;YANG Mei;HONG Lei;HONG Liang;LIU Tao(School of Materials Engineering,Jiangsu University of Technology,Changzhou 213000,China;Jiangsu Beite Pipe Fitting Co.,Ltd.,Taizhou 225500,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏理工学院材料工程学院,常州213000 [2]江苏贝特管件有限公司,泰州225500

出　　处：《机械工程材料》2025年第2期1-8,共8页Materials For Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(51601078);江苏省政府留学奖学金项目(JS-2019-322)。

摘　　要：分别采用激光切割和火焰切割2种方式在12CrMoV钢板上加工出“V”形坡口,然后直接对钢板进行氩弧焊接,研究了坡口切割方式对接头组织和性能的影响。结果表明:2种坡口切割方式下焊缝均成形良好,但火焰切割方式下焊缝内部存在夹渣缺陷,而激光切割方式下焊缝内部无明显缺陷。2种坡口切割方式下接头热影响区粗晶区组织主要由粒状贝氏体和铁素体构成,火焰切割方式下的铁素体含量更高,合金元素含量较激光切割方式下低0.49%。2种坡口切割方式下接头的硬度均满足标准要求,但激光切割方式下接头热影响区的硬度分布更均匀;接头的拉伸性能均满足标准要求,薄弱位置均位于母材处;火焰切割方式下接头热影响区的室温冲击吸收能量不满足标准要求,而激光切割方式下满足标准要求;弯曲试验后火焰切割方式下接头出现连续开裂现象,而激光切割方式下接头未开裂。对于不重要或对服役性能要求不高的结构,可以考虑采用激光切割坡口后直接进行焊接,而对于一些重要的承载结构,仍需对坡口进行机加工后再进行焊接。The“V”groove was processed on 12CrMoV steel plates by laser cutting and flame cutting,and then the plates were connected by argon arc welding.The effect of groove cutting method on the microstructure and properties of joints was studied.The results show that the weld under the two groove cutting methods was well formed,but there were slag clamp defects in the weld under the flame cutting method,and no obvious defects in the weld under the laser cutting method.The microstructure of the coarse-grained heat affected zone of the joint under the two groove cutting methods was mainly composed of granular bainite and ferrite;the ferrite content under the flame cutting method was higher,and the alloying element content was about 0.49%lower than that under the laser cutting method.The hardness of the joints under the two groove cutting methods both met the standard requirements,but the hardness distribution in the heat-affected zone of the joint under the laser cutting method was more uniform.The tensile properties of the joints met the standard requirements and the weak positions were located at the base metal.The room temperature impact absorption energy of heat-affected zone of the joint under the flame cutting method did not meet the standards and that under the laser cutting method met the standards.After the bending test,continuous cracking occurred in the joint under the flame cutting method,while no obvious defects were found in the joint under the laser cutting method.For unimportant structures or low service performance requirement structures,welding directly after laser cutting groove could be considered,while for some important bearing structures,the groove still needed to be processed before welding.

关 键 词：火焰切割 激光切割 12CrMoV钢 氩弧焊接头 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG406[金属学及工艺—焊接]