炼钢余热锅炉灰斗结构分析及优化  

Analysis and Optimization of Steelmaking Waste Heat Boiler Ash Hopper Structure

作　　者：袁林 YUAN Lin(Yantai Guoye Metallurgical Water Cooling Equipment Co.Ltd.,Yantai 265500,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台国冶冶金水冷设备有限公司,山东烟台265500

出　　处：《工业加热》2025年第2期75-80,共6页Industrial Heating

摘　　要：随着余热锅炉技术在炼钢行业余热回收中的推广,余热锅炉的安全显得至关重要。余热锅炉中的大型灰斗,属于大型焊接钢结构件。其作为锅炉中积灰的载体,满灰时含自重可达几百吨。灰斗几何形状复杂,在工作状态下承受多种荷载,受力状况较繁杂。传统设计中将其简化成一维的设计计算会导致结果有偏差。通过Staad.Pro软件建模仿真,准确分析灰斗在工作时的各构件应力分布情况,对每个受力单元构件按规范检验,了解该设备工作时的薄弱位置以推断其可靠性是可行的。分析结果表明:灰斗所用材料的强度满足使用要求,且有安全裕量;受力最大处在灰斗的中下部,可增加支撑来改善受力情况,在此基础上,提出改善钢架结构的建议,增强其整体稳定性,以期为余热锅炉后续的优化设计提供参考。With the popularization of waste heat boiler technology in waste heat recovery in the steelmaking industry,the safety of waste heat boilers becomes crucial.The large ash hopper in the waste heat boiler is a large welded steel structural member.It is used as a carrier for ash accumulation in the boiler,and can contain several hundred tons of self-weight when full of ash.The geometry of the ash hopper is complex,and it is subjected to a variety of loads in the working condition,which makes the stress condition more complicated.Conventional design reduces it to a one-dimensional design calculation,which leads to biased results.Pro software modeling simulation,accurately analyze the work of the ash hopper in the distribution of stress in each component,each stressed unit components according to the norms of the test,to understand the work of the weak position of the equipment in order to deduce its reliability is feasible.The analysis results show that:the strength of the materials used in the ash hopper meets the requirements of use,and there is a safety margin;the maximum force is in the middle and lower part of the ash hopper,and the support can be increased to improve the force situation,based on which,it is proposed to improve the structure of the steel frame,to enhance the overall stability of it,with a view to providing a reference for the subsequent optimization of the design of the waste heat boiler.

关 键 词：余热锅炉 灰斗 结构分析 

分 类 号：TF701.1[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]