考虑中转的高铁快运时空路径优化模型及拉格朗日松弛算法  

Time-Space Path Optimization Model and Lagrangian Relaxation Algorithm for High Speed Railway Express Considering Transit

作　　者：万茜 WAN Qian(Route&Station and Yard,China Railway Shanghai Design Institute Group Corporation Limited,Shanghai 200070,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁上海设计院集团有限公司线路站场设计院,上海200070

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2025年第3期9-19,共11页Railway Transport and Economy

摘　　要：以提升运输方案与时变箱流需求间的耦合度为导向,基于既有载客动车组列车捎带运输模式,旨在对考虑箱流中转情形下的高铁快运方案进行优化。鉴于箱流运输方案对列车时空资源占用的双重依赖性,以列车及快运箱为研究对象,构建由4类节点与5类弧段构成的时空网络。在此基础上,以快运箱总运达时间最短为目标,考虑列车装载能力、箱流上车、中转及守恒等约束,构建运输方案时空网络优化模型。针对模型特性,设计拉格朗日松弛算法求解,将原问题分解为求解单个快运箱的最短运输路径子问题,并设计以消解违背列车能力约束冲突为核心的上界可行化算法。最后,以西安—兰州高速铁路为背景进行实例验证,研究结果表明,所提模型及算法可快速获得满意解,有效提升列车满载率。此外,与直达运输情形相比,考虑箱流中转可有效解决快运箱的滞留问题。To enhance the interconnectivity between the transportation scheme and the time-varying container flow demand,this paper optimized the transportation scheme of high speed railway express considering the container flow transit scenario by leveraging the piggyback transportation mode of existing passenger-carrying trains.In view of the dual dependence of the container flow transportation scheme on the occupation of train time and space resources,a time-space network consisting of four types of nodes and five types of arc segments was constructed,with the train and express container serving as the research objects.On this basis,this paper formulated a timespace network optimization model for the transportation scheme,with the objective of minimizing the total delivery time of express containers.Furthermore,the constraints of train loading capacity,container flow boarding,transit,and conservation were considered.According to the model characteristics,the paper designed a Lagrangian relaxation algorithm to solve the problem.By decomposing the original problem into a subproblem of determining the shortest transportation path of a single express container,the paper developed an upper-bound feasibility algorithm that focused on eliminating the conflict of violating the train capacity constraints.Lastly, the paper utilized the Xi’an-Lanzhou High Speed Railway as a case study for verification,and the results indicate that the proposed model and algorithm can rapidly generate an acceptablesolution, effectively increasing the full load factor of the trains. Moreover, compared with thecase of direct transportation, container flow transit can effectively address the congestion issue ofexpress containers.

关 键 词：高铁快运 运输方案 箱流中转 时空网络 拉格朗日松弛 

分 类 号：U292.4[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]