不确定条件下公铁协同运输路径优化与货运量分配模型  

A Model for Optimizing Routes and Freight Volume Distribution of Road-Rail Cooperative Transportation Based on Uncertainties

作　　者：张凯悦 钱名军[1,2] 高铭 韩紫金 ZHANG Kaiyue;QIAN Mingjun;GAO Ming;HAN Zijin(School of Traffic and Transportation,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Key Laboratory of Railway Industry on Plateau Railway Transportation Intelligent Management and Control,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学交通运输学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]兰州交通大学高原铁路运输智慧管控铁路行业重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2025年第3期20-29,共10页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：甘肃省教育厅高等学校创新基金项目(2020A-038);兰州交通大学青年基金项目(2014029)。

摘　　要：为解决货物运输过程中单一路径和单一运输方式运输成本高、服务效率低等问题,且考虑到货物在运输过程中可能受不确定因素的影响,从承运人的角度出发,依托现有运输网络进行货流拆分,基于不确定条件对公铁协同运输路径优化与货运量分配问题展开研究。首先,以网络运输能力和交货时间为约束条件,运输费用、中转费用、拆分费用以及超时惩罚和仓储惩罚费用作为成本目标,将不确定因素处理为随机参数,构建运输总成本最小化模型;其次,设计改良的模拟退火算法进行模型求解;最后,通过求解小规模算例来验证模型和算法的有效性和合理性。结果表明:该模型可帮助承运人提前规避风险,最大化地利用运输资源规划运输方案,进一步提高货物运输效率和货运服务水平。There are problems of high transportation costs and low service efficiency of a single route and a single mode of transportation in the process of freight transportation,and the cargo may be affected by uncertainties in the transportation process.In order to address these issues,this paper started from the carrier’s point of view,relied on the existing transportation network to distribute the freight flow,and conducted research on transportation route optimization and freight volume distribution of road-rail cooperative transportation based on uncertainties.Firstly,by taking the network transportation capacity and delivery time as the constraints and the transportation cost,transit cost,distribution cost,overtime penalty,and storage penalty cost as the cost objectives,the uncertainties were processed into random parameters, and the model of minimizing the total costof transportation was constructed. Secondly, an improved simulated annealing algorithm wasdesigned for model solving. Finally, the validity and rationality of the model and the algorithmwere verified by solving the small-scale arithmetic cases. The results show that the model can helpcarriers avoid risks in advance, maximize the use of transportation resources to plan transportationschemes, and further improve cargo transportation efficiency and freight service levels.

关 键 词：公铁协同运输 不确定条件 模拟退火算法 货流可拆 运量分配 

分 类 号：U294[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] U116.12[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]