内蒙古额济纳天然胡杨林柳脊虎天牛幼虫龄数划分研究  

Study on the denineation of larval instar numbers of Xylotrechus namanganensis Heyden in natural forest of Populus euphraticain Oliv in Ejina,Inner Mongolia

作　　者：彭少刚 李玉春 王霞 巴依苏拉 鲍婉婷 李红霞 乔轶华 贾雨桥 陆鹏飞[1] 程业森 PENG Shao-Gang;LI Yu-Chun;WANG Xia;BA Yi-Su-La;BAO Wan-Ting;LI Hong-Xia;QIAO Yi-Hua;JIA Yu-Qiao;LU Peng-Fei;CHENG Ye-Sen(Beijing Forestry University,State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Beijing 100083,China;Ejina Forestry and Grassland Administration,Hu Yang Research Institute,Ejina Banner,Alxa League,Inner Mongolia 735400,China;Alxa League State of Forestry and Grassland Pest Control and Quarantine,Alxa Left Banner,Alxa League,Inner Mongolia 750300,China;Ejina Hu Yang National Nature Reserve Administration,Ejina Banner,Alxa League,Inner Mongolia 735400,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,北京100083 [2]额济纳旗林业和草原局胡杨研究所,内蒙古自治区阿拉善盟额济纳旗735400 [3]阿拉善盟林业和草原有害生物防治检疫站,内蒙古自治区阿拉善盟阿拉善左旗750300 [4]额济纳胡杨林国家级自然保护区管理局,内蒙古自治区阿拉善盟额济纳旗735400

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2025年第1期214-221,共8页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：阿拉善盟科技计划项目(AMYY2022-14);国家自然科学基金(32371889);国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1400900)。

摘　　要：柳脊虎天牛Xylotrechus namanganensis Heyden是危害胡杨Populus euphratica Oliv、榆树Ulmus pumila L.等多种阔叶树的蛀干性害虫,2013年柳脊虎天牛被国家林业局列入“林业危险性有害生物名单”。因其隐蔽性极强,龄数划分十分困难。本研究通过在额济纳旗天然胡杨林区定期收集不同发育阶段的柳脊虎天牛幼虫,并选取体长、体宽、头壳宽度、触角孔间距、前胸背板宽度5项形态指标进行测定。利用频次分布图初步判定龄数,同时运用Crosby生长法则和回归分析等方法进行验证分析。结果表明柳脊虎天牛幼虫龄数可以划分为6龄,体宽、头壳宽度、触角孔间距、前胸背板均符合Dyar法则,测量值与龄数呈现显著的拟合关系。其中前胸背板宽(Y)与虫龄(X)的拟合度最高,回归方程为Y=0.5192e^(0.3782x)(r^(2)=0.9667),是幼虫龄数划分的最佳指标。本文对研究柳脊虎天牛发生规律及生物生态学特性,制定防治策略和预测预报害虫发生规律都有一定的指导价值,同时也可为其他地区珍稀胡杨林保护提供可借鉴的经验。Xylotrechus namanganensis Heyden is an important wood-boring pest of Populus euphratica Oliv,Ulmus pumila L and other broad-leaved trees,and it was included in the"List of Dangerous Pests in Forestry"by the State Forestry Administration in 2013.It is very difficult to classify the instar of the larvae because it is extremely cryptic.In this study,the larvae of X.namanganensis were collected periodically from P.euphratica forests in Ejina at different developmental stages,and five morphological indexes of their body length,body width,head capsule width,distance between antennal rings,prothoracic plate width were selected.Frequency distribution diagrams were used to determine the preliminary larval instars numbers,and Crosby's rules and regression analysis were used to verify the analysis.The results showed that the larvae of X.namanganensis could be divided into six instars.The body width,head capsule width,distance between antennal rings,prothoracic plate width,all of which conformed to Dyar's.There was a significant fitting relationship between the measured values and larval instars numbers.Among them the fit between the width of the anterior thoracic dorsal plate(Y)and the age of the larva(X)was the highest,and the regression equation was Y=0.5192e^(0.3782x)(r^(2)=0.9667),which was the best indicator for larval instar classifications.This article has certain guiding value for the study of the occurrence pattern and bioecological characteristics of X.namanganensis,the development of control strategies and prediction and forecasting of the occurrence pattern of the pest,and it also provides experience for the protection of rare P.euphratica forests in other regions.

关 键 词：胡杨林 柳脊虎天牛 幼虫龄数 头壳宽 前胸背板 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学]