老年患者髋部骨折术后住院期间发生下肢深静脉血栓的危险因素分析  

Risk factors analysis of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in elderly patients with hip fractures after surgery during hospitalization

作　　者：高凯迪 杨明辉 霍妍 张蕴鑫 Gao Kaidi;Yang Minghui;Huo Yan;Zhang Yunxin(Department of Trauma Orthopedics,Beijing Jishuitan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 102208,China;Department of Vascular Surgery,Beijing Jishuitan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 102208,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京积水潭医院创伤骨科,北京102208 [2]首都医科大学附属北京积水潭医院血管外科,北京102208

出　　处：《血管与腔内血管外科杂志》2025年第1期67-71,共5页Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项项目(首发2022-1-2071)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨老年患者髋部骨折术后住院期间发生下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)的危险因素。方法 收集2021年3月至2023年9月首都医科大学附属北京积水潭医院收治的180例老年髋部骨折患者的临床资料,按照术后住院期间是否发生下肢DVT将患者分为血栓组(n=33)和对照组(n=147)。比较两组患者的术前临床特征和手术相关指标,分析老年患者髋部骨折术后住院期间发生下肢DVT的危险因素。结果 血栓组患者的年龄大于对照组患者,合并糖尿病、认知功能下降、术前D-二聚体水平升高的比例均高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,高龄(年龄≥80岁)、认知功能下降、糖尿病、术前D-二聚体水平升高均为老年髋部骨折患者术后住院期间发生下肢DVT的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 高龄(年龄≥80岁)、认知功能下降、糖尿病、术前D-二聚体水平升高均会增加老年髋部骨折患者术后住院期间发生下肢DVT的风险,临床中可根据这些危险因素及时发现高危患者。Objective To investigate the risk factors related to lower extremity deep vein thrombosis(DVT)in elderly patients after hip fracture surgery during hospitalization.Method The clinical data of 180 elderly patients with hip fractures admitted to Beijing Jishuitan Hospital,Capital Medical University from March 2021 to September 2023 were collected.They were divided into thrombosis group(n=33)and control group(n=147)based on whether lower extremity DVT occurred during postoperative hospitalization.The preoperative clinical characteristics and surgical related indicators of two groups of patients were compared,and the risk factors for lower extremity DVT in elderly patients with hip fractures during hospitalization after surgery was analyzed.Result The age of patients in the thrombosis group was older than that in the control group,and the proportion of patients with diabetes,cognitive decline,and increased preoperative D-dimer level in the thrombosis group were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that elderly(≥80 years old),cognitive decline,diabetes,and increased preoperative D-dimer level were all independent risk factors for lower extremity DVT in elderly hip fracture patients during postoperative hospitalization(P<0.05).Conclusion Elderly(≥80 years old),cognitive decline,diabetes,and increased preoperative D-dimer level all increase the risk of lower extremity DVT of elderly hip fracture patients during postoperative hospitalization,which can be referred to in clinical practice to find high-risk patients in a timely manner.

关 键 词：老年 髋部骨折 下肢 深静脉血栓 危险因素 

分 类 号：R543[医药卫生—心血管疾病]