马克思主义理解阐释中的“语言学问题”  

The Linguistic Issues in the Understanding and Interpretation of Marxism

作　　者：祝和军 ZHU Hejun(School of Marxism,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学马克思主义学院,北京100089

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期1-9,共9页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University (SOCIAL SCIENCES)

基　　金：教育部高校思想政治理论课教师研究专项:“新时代高校'原理'课知识性、学理性和政治性内在统一的逻辑机理和实现路径研究”(编号:21JDSZK022);北京高校中国特色社会主义理论研究协同创新中心(北京外国语大学)重点项目。

摘　　要：当下,对于马克思主义的诸多误读和曲解,很大程度上在于对马克思主义采取了一种不恰当的看待方式,特别是方法论上的教条主义和形式主义。语言问题是方法论的基础,西方学术思想在现代出现了“语言学转向”,针对语言的抽象性以及由此产生的形而上学问题进行了系统的批判,对于语言由抽象走向具体的路径提供了富有启示的方法论原则。这主要表现在两个方面:一是克服了语言符号“一般性”掩盖下的“具体性”的混淆;二是克服了以抽象代替具体、把形式等同于内容的“语言假象”。马克思主义本身是以清算形而上学为己任的,这就要求对于马克思主义的理解阐释要实现自我指涉,即以马克思主义方法论来理解马克思主义自身。在这方面,西方“语言学转向”所确立的研究视野和研究范式具有重要的参考价值。The current misunderstandings and misinterpretations of Marxism largely stem from an inappropriate approach to its study,particularly characterized by dogmatism and formalism in methodology.The issue of language serves as the foundation for methodology;Western academic thought has undergone a“linguistic turn”in modern times,systematically critiquing the abstract nature of language and the resulting metaphysical problems.This shift provides enlightening methodological principles for moving from abstraction to specificity.This is primarily reflected in two aspects:first,overcoming the confusion between“specificity”obscured by the“generality”of linguistic symbols;second,addressing the“linguistic illusion”that replaces concrete understanding with abstraction and equates form with content.Marxism itself is committed to dismantling metaphysics,which necessitates a self-referential understanding and interpretation of Marxism through its own methodological lens.In this regard,the research perspectives and paradigms established by the Western"linguistic turn"hold significant reference value for comprehending Marxist theory itself.

关 键 词：语言学转向 形式主义 马克思主义 抽象与具体 

分 类 号：B0-0[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]