弹性“内外有别”:外生型规模农业经营主体的经营过程与困境——基于M合作社的个案研究  

The Distinction of“Elasticity”Between Internal and External Factors:The Operational Processes and Challenges Faced by Exogenous Large-Scale Agricultural Enterprises:A Case Study of M Cooperative

作　　者：刘腾龙 LIU Tenglong(School of Marxism,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,Hubei)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期108-119,共12页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University (SOCIAL SCIENCES)

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目:“易地扶贫搬迁移民的社会抗逆力研究”(编号:21CSH095);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(编号:CUGXQN2403)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在农业现代化的背景下,资本下乡成为一种重要的乡村社会经济现象。乡土社会有着许多特殊的规则与伦理,下乡资本作为一个“外来者”,会面临一个乡土适应问题。以M合作社为个案,从行动伦理的视角,考察了外生型规模农业经营主体的经营过程与困境问题。M合作社在经营上呈现出“形式嵌入”的特征,体现为村庄“中间人”的牵线搭桥、“自己人”的劳动雇佣策略和策略性变通。“内外有别”是乡土社会中一种重要的伦理类型。正是由于M合作社的“形式嵌入式经营”,导致其与村庄的伦理关系经历了微妙的动态变化过程,可称之为弹性“内外有别”。在弹性“内外有别”的行动伦理的作用下,M合作社在发展后期遭遇了许多外部互动困境,包括农作物被盗、破坏生产设施和日常性扯皮等。因此资本下乡必须适应乡村的社会基础和融入进农民的行动伦理之中,这样才能顺利扎根。In the context of agricultural modernization,the influx of capital going to countryside(CGTC)has become a significant socio-economic phenomenon.Rural societies possess many unique rules and ethical norms,and CGTC,as an“outsider”faces challenges in adapting to these local conditions.This study examines the operational processes and dilemmas faced by exogenous large-scale agricultural entities through a case study of M cooperative from the perspective of action ethics.The M cooperative exhibits characteristics of"formal embedding"in its operations,which is reflected in its role as an intermediary within the village,employing labor strategies that favor“insiders”and engaging in strategic flexibility.The distinction between“inside”and“outside”represents an important ethical framework within rural society.Due to this formal embeddedness in its operations,the M cooperative’s ethical relationship with the village undergoes subtle dynamic changes,which can be described as flexible"inside-outside"distinctions.Under the influence of this flexible“inside-outside”action ethics,the M cooperative encountered numerous external interaction challenges during its later development stages.These included issues such as crop thefts,damage to production facilities,and frequent disputes over daily matters.Therefore,CGTC must adapt to local social foundations and align itself with farmers’action ethics;only then can it take root effectively.

关 键 词：外生型规模农业经营主体 弹性“内外有别” 合作社 资本下乡 行动伦理 

分 类 号：F592[经济管理—旅游管理]