南方红壤引种金花葵栽培试验  

Introductory Cultivation Trial of Aurea helianthus on Southern Red Soil

作　　者：张丹 朱昱坤 陈璐 王小玲[1] 肖群 高柱[1,2] ZHANG Dan;ZHU Yukun;CHEN Lu;WANG Xiaoling;XIAO Qun;GAO Zhu(Institute of Biological Resources,Jiangxi Academy of Sciences/Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Plantation and High Valued Utilization of Specialty Fruit Tree and Tea,Nanchang 330096,China;Jinggangshan Institute of Biotechnology,Ji′an 343016,China;Tianyu Township Science Association,Qingyuan District,Ji′an City,Ji′an 343016,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省科学院生物资源研究所/特色果树茶叶种植与高值利用江西省重点实验室,江西南昌330096 [2]井冈山生物技术研究院,江西吉安343016 [3]吉安市青原区天玉镇科协,江西吉安343016

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2025年第3期61-66,共6页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江西省科学院科技计划项目(2022YRC003);中央引导资金项目(20222ZDA02061)。

摘　　要：为促进金花葵产业发展,采用直播方式对金花葵进行栽植,通过开展引种试验及生物学观察,分析其在红壤栽培的适应性及产量,明确金花葵在南方红壤的适应性,并总结金花葵的栽培技术要点。结果表明,金花葵在红壤地生长旺盛,植株茎粗壮,能够快速形成结果侧枝,植株株高97.50~130.00 cm,花冠直径8.50~13.00 cm,平均单株开花数量86朵,平均单株结果数72个,鲜花产量450 kg·(667 m^( 2))^(-1);种子萌芽期在3月下旬,始花期6月上旬,平均单花鲜重3.95 g,平均单果鲜重8.89 g,单个果实内种子约70粒;果实发育期后期,果皮重逐渐减轻,体积逐渐缩小,种子发育逐渐完全,种子干湿重比增大。综上,金花葵在红壤地适应性及抗逆性强,生长较好,可进行大面积推广种植。In order to promote the development of the Aurea helianthus industry,planted A.helianthus by direct seeding,analyzed its adaptability and yield in red soil cultivation by carrying out priming test and biological observation,clarified the adaptability of A.helianthus in Southern red soil,and provided theoretical support for the popularization of A.helianthus.The results showed that the plant grows vigorously in red soil,the plant stem was stout and strong,and it can form fruiting lateral branches rapidly.The plant height was 97.5-130.0 cm,the corolla diameter was 8.5-13.0 cm,the average number of blooms was 86,the average number of fruits was 72,and the average yield of flowers was 450 kg·(667 m^( 2))^(-1).The seed germination was in mid to late March,and the beginning of flowering was in early June,and the average fresh weight of a single flower was 3.95 g,the average fresh weight of a single fruit was 8.89 g,and the seeds in a single fruit were about 70.In the late stage of fruit development,the weight of the pericarp gradually decreases,the volume gradually shrinks,the seed development gradually becomes complete,and the dry-to-wet weight ratio of the seeds increases.In summary,A.helianthus has strong adaptability and resistance to adversity in red soil,and grows well,so it can be popularized and planted on a large scale.

关 键 词：金花葵 引种 农艺性状 栽培技术 

分 类 号：S567.219[农业科学—中草药栽培]