2015—2023年青岛市输入性疟疾流行病学分析  

Epidemiological analysis of imported malaria in Qingdao,2015-2023

作　　者：王春辉 贺倩倩 高晓宾 WANG Chunhui;HE Qianqian;GAO Xiaobin(Shibei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qingdao,Shandong 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛市市北区疾病预防控制中心,山东青岛266000

出　　处：《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2025年第1期14-17,共4页Chinese Journal of Frontier Health and Quarantine

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2019MH102)。

摘　　要：目的分析山东省青岛市输入性疟疾流行特征,为调整和拟定输入性疟疾防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法通过国家传染病报告信息系统和寄生虫病防治信息系统,收集2015—2023年青岛市疟疾病例信息、流行病学个案信息,开展流行病学相关描述性分析及Wilcoxon秩和检验。结果2015—2023年青岛市共报告疟疾输入病例129例,其中恶性疟占78.3%;新冠病毒感染疫情期间(2020—2022年)与疫情前(2015—2019年)每年输入性疟疾报告病例数中位数M(QR)差异有统计学差异(Z=2.249,P<0.05)。病例以男性为主,占93.0%;年龄19~64岁,以20~59岁为主,占96.1%;病例以境外务工人员为主,占52.7%;5-10月病例占59.7%;报告地区以郊区(市)为主,病例数中位数与市区相比差异有统计学差异(Z=2.566,P<0.05);非洲国家是病例主要来源(96.2%);多数病例(80.2%)于发病一周内确诊,当天确诊率较低,仅为14.0%。结论来自非洲地区、与务工相关的输入性恶性疟是青岛市面临的最大挑战,应强化监测预警,进一步提高疟疾防治水平。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Qingdao,Shandong,in order to provide scientific basis for adjusting and formulating prevention and control strategies and measures for imported malaria.Methods The information on malaria cases and epidemiological individual in Qingdao from 2015 to 2023 was collected through the National Infectious Disease Reporting Information System and the Parasitic Disease Control Information System.Descriptive epidemiological analysis and Wilcoxon rank-sum test were conducted.Results From 2015 to 2023,a total of 129 imported malaria cases were reported in Qingdao,in which of them,falciparum malaria accounted for 78.2%.The median number of reported imported malaria cases between COVID-19 pandemic period(2020-2022)and the pre-pandemic period(2015-2019)was statistically significant difference(Z=2.249,P<0.05).The majority of cases were male,accounted for 93.0%.The cases age ranged from 19 to 64 years old,with the majority(96.1%)being 20-59 years old.Overseas workers were the primary occupation of the cases,accounted for 52.7%.Cases occurred predominantly between May to October,accounted for 59.7%of the total.The majority of cases lived in suburban areas,and the difference between the median number of cases from suburban and urban was statistically significant(Z=2.566,P<0.05).African countries were the primary source of the cases(96.2%),most cases(80.2%)were diagnosed within a week affer onset,but the same-day diagnosis rate was low(14.0%).Conclusion Imported falciparum malaria related to overseas work from African regions posed the greatest challenge for Qingdao.Strengthened moni-toring and early warning should be implemented to further improve malaria prevention and control.

关 键 词：输入性疟疾 流行特征 非洲 

分 类 号：R183.55[医药卫生—流行病学]