湖南口岸出入境人员4项传染病标志物及疟疾和肺结核检出分析  

Analysis of four infectious disease indexes,malaria and pulmonary tuberculosis detection in entry-exit personnel at Hunan port

作　　者：周皓 孙菲 李名慧 艾晓娟 彭飞武 梁仙志 ZHOU Hao;SUN Fei;LI Minghui;Ai Xiaojuan;PENG Feiwu;LIANG Xianzhi(Hunan International Travel Healthcare Center(Changsha Customs Port Clinic),Changsha,Hunan 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南国际旅行卫生保健中心(长沙海关口岸门诊部),湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2025年第1期18-22,共5页Chinese Journal of Frontier Health and Quarantine

基　　金：海关总署科研课题(2022HK094)。

摘　　要：目的分析湖南口岸出入境人员4项传染病标志物及疟疾和肺结核检出情况,总结规律,为湖南口岸传染病监测及相关防控工作提供参考依据。方法对2013—2022年湖南口岸出入境人员乙肝标志物HBsAg、丙肝感染标志物抗-HCV、梅毒感染标志物抗-TP、艾滋病感染标志物抗-HIV,以及疟疾和肺结核检出情况进行统计学分析。结果2013—2022年湖南共开展出入境体检143055人,检出HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-TP、抗-HIV以及疟疾和肺结核阳性8544例,总检出率为5.97%,有下降趋势(χ^(2)趋势=191.729,P<0.001),其中HBsAg检出率最高,为5.05%。出境人员中,劳务人员检出率较高,9.25%;6个检测项目的男性检出率均高于女性差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);HBsAg在41~50岁人群检出最高(χ^(2)=1277.08,P<0.001),抗-HCV、肺结核在51~60岁人群检出最高(χ^(2)=114.92,P<0.001)、(χ^(2)=51.47,P<0.001),检出率随年龄增长有先升后降趋势,抗-TP在>60岁人群检出最高(χ^(2)=379.92,P<0.001),检出率随年龄增长而上升。入境人员中,移民/涉外婚姻人员抗-HCV(0.63%)、抗-TP(1.22%)、抗-HIV(0.29%)检出率最高,疟疾检出率男性高于女性(χ^(2)=9.82,P=0.002)。结论湖南口岸应重点关注出境人员中男性、劳务人员及40岁以上人群,入境人员中移民/涉外婚姻人员、来自疟疾疫区男性留学生及其他人员。Objective To analyze the detection of four infectious disease markers,malaria and pulmonary tuberculosis in Hunan port,and to summarize the rules and provide reference for the monitoring of infectious diseases and related prevention and control in Hunan port.Methods The detection of hepatitis B marker HBsAg,hepatitis C infection marker anti-HCV,syphilis infection marker anti-TP,HIV infection marker anti-HIV,malaria and pulmonary tuberculosis in Hunan port from 2013 to2022 were statistically analyzed.Results From 2013 to 2022,a total of 143055 people were tested in Hunan,and 8544positive cases of HBsAg,anti-HCV,anti-TP,anti-HIV,malaria and tuberculosis were confirmed,with the general detection rate of 5.97%and a downward trend(χ^(2)=191.729,P<0.001),of which HBsAg had the highest detection rate of 5.05%.Among the outbound personnel,the detection rate of labor personnel was relatively high,9.25%.The detection rate of males was higher than that of females in all 6 test items.HBsAg was the highest in 41-50 years old(χ^(2)=1277.08,P<0.001),anti-HCV and pulmonary tuberculosis were highest in 51-60 years old(χ^(2)=114.92,P<0.001)(χ^(2)=51.47,P<0.001),the detection rate increased firstly and then decreased with age,the detection rate of anti-TP was the highest in>60-year-old population,and the detec-tion rate increased with age.Among the immigrants,the detection rate of anti-HCV(0.63%),anti-TP(1.22%)and anti-HIV(0.29%)was higher,and the detection rate of malaria was higher in males than females(χ^(2)=9.82,P=0.002).Conclusion Hunan port should focus on males,laborers and people over 40 years old among the outbound passengers,immigrants/foreign-re-lated marriages,male students from malaria-endemic areas and other personnel among the inbound passengers.

关 键 词：口岸 传染病标志物 疟疾 肺结核 

分 类 号：R185.355[医药卫生—流行病学]