基于CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞和病毒载量分析镇江市新报告HIV/AIDS的影响因素  

Analysis of the influencing factors of newly reported HIV/AIDS in Zhenjiang based on CD4^(+)T lymphocytes and viral load

作　　者：杨静[1] 徐虹[1] 沈俐[1] 刘晓霞[1] 叶鲁 曹彤[2] YANG Jing;XU Hong;SHEN Li;LIU Xiaoxia;YE Lu;CAO Tong(Zhenjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu 212000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]镇江市疾病预防控制中心,江苏镇江212000 [2]南京医科大学附属儿童医院

出　　处：《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2025年第1期60-64,共5页Chinese Journal of Frontier Health and Quarantine

基　　金：镇江市科技计划项目(SH2023024,RK2023039)。

摘　　要：目的分析镇江市2021—2023年新报告HIV/AIDS外周血CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞、HIV病毒载量及影响因素,为全市艾滋病防控策略提供科学依据。方法分别采用流式细胞术和荧光定量PCR检测2021—2023年在镇江市疾病预防控制中心新确证的HIV-1感染者接受抗病毒治疗前的CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞和HIV病毒载量,应用SPSS 22.0、R(version 4.2.0)、RStudio软件进行统计分析。结果新报告的HIV/AIDS感染者共476例,男女比例为3.9∶1,其中农民占22.69%,学生和离退休人员分别占9.45%和7.35%。传播方式均为性传播,且同性传播的比例(55.67%)高于异性传播(44.33%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.126,P<0.05)。CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞计数中位数为304个/μl,晚发现比例占30.67%。CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞水平在不同职业人群中存在差异,其中学生最高,中位数为435个/μl,离退休人员最低,中位数为198个/μl。新报告感染者HIV病毒载量构成在性别、年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况、职业、传播方式的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);病毒载量的对数值与外周血CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞水平呈负相关(ρ=-0.307)。结论男男性行为人群、50岁以上的老年群体及农民是镇江市现阶段艾滋病防治中需重点关注的人群。治疗前及时开展CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞与HIV病毒载量检测,能更有效地指导抗病毒治疗策略。Objective To analyze the levels and influencing factors of CD4^(+)T lymphocytes and HIV viral load in peripheral blood of HIV/AIDS newly reported in Zhenjiang from 2021 to 2023,and provide scientific basis for the development of prevention and control measures in the city.Methods The CD4^(+)T lymphocyte and viral load of 476 newly confirmed HIV-1patients in Zhenjiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2021 to 2023 were detected by flow cytometry and fluorescence quantitative PCR before antiviral therapy.SPSS 22.0,R(version 4.2.0)and R Studio softwares were used to analyze.Results For 476 newly reported HIV/AIDS,the ratio of males to females was 3.9∶1.The farmers accounted for 22.69%,students for 9.45%,and retirees for 7.35%.All cases were transmitted through sexual contact,while the proportion of homosexual transmission(55.67%)was higher than that of heterosexual transmission(44.33%),with a statistically difference(χ^(2)=6.126,P<0.05).The median CD4^(+)T lymphocyte count was 304/μl,the proportion of late diagnosis cases was 30.67%.There were differences in CD4^(+)T lymphocyte levels among people of different occupations,with students having the highest level(median=435/μl)and retirees having the lowest level(median=198/μl).The composition of viral load among newly reported HIV-infected individuals showed no statistically significant differences across gender,age,education,marital status,occupation and transmission route(P>0.05).There was a negative correlation between log value of viral load and CD4^(+)T lymphocyte level(ρ=-0.307).Conclusion In the current,AIDS prevention and control efforts should pay more attention to the man who have sex with man population,individuals over 50 years old and farmers in Zhenjiang.Timely performance of CD4^(+)T lymphocyte and viral load testing before treatment could more effectively guide antiviral therapy strategies.

关 键 词：艾滋病 T淋巴细胞 病毒载量 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.91[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]