“双碳”目标下碳评价制度构建的现实困境及法律保障  

Practical Dilemmas and Legal Safeguards in the Construction of Carbon Evaluation System Guided by“Dual Carbon”Goals

作　　者：刘志[1] 樊婷 LIU Zhi;FAN Ting(School of Humanities,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学人文学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《西安建筑科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期91-99,共9页Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：陕西省人力资源和社会保障厅重点调研课题(211811230551);长安大学教学改革研究项目“生态文明建设中环境资源保护法律规制研究”(300203110016)。

摘　　要：碳评价是从源头对温室气体排放进行控制,在国家政策的引导下,碳评价成为气候治理新课题。将碳评价落实为碳评价制度,能够将碳评价源头防治功能充分发挥,是实现“双碳”目标的根本保障。碳评价制度构建需要依托良好的法律环境。因此,应当对我国碳评价的实践现状进行分析,探讨我国碳评价制度构建的现实法律困境。当前,碳评价制度在实践中面临上位法缺失、技术标准不足以及公众参与薄弱的困境。为此,应当加强碳评价上位法支撑,为碳评价制度构建提供法律依据;健全碳评价技术运行规则,发挥规划、建设项目碳评价优势;落实碳评价公众参与,最大程度发挥碳评价源头防控作用,助力“双碳”目标高质量实现。Carbon evaluation,the control of greenhouse gas emissions at source,has become a new topic in climate governance guided by national policies.Systematizing carbon evaluation can allow full play to the source control function of carbon evaluation and ensure the achievement of“dual carbon”goals.Carbon evaluation system construction needs to rely on a favorable legal environment and,therefore,it is necessary to analyze the current state of carbon evaluation practice in China to explore the practical legal dilemmas of building a carbon evaluation system.Currently,the carbon evaluation system is faced with difficulties in practice,namely,the absence of superior law,the inadequacy of technical standards,the lack of public participation and so on.Therefore,in order to contribute to the high quality achievement of“dual carbon”goals,the paper proposes that support of the superior law on carbon evaluation should be strengthened to provide a legal basis for the construction of carbon evaluation system,and the operation rules of carbon evaluation technology be improved by giving full play to the advantages of carbon evaluation in planning and construction projects.There is also a need to implement public participation in carbon evaluation and maximize the role of prevention and control sources of carbon evaluation.

关 键 词：碳评价 环境影响评价 气候治理 “双碳”目标 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]