刺激响应性聚氨基酸材料的设计与应用  

Design and Application of Stimulus-responsive Polypeptide Materials

作　　者：王宛滢 李宁[1] 宋子元 WANG Wanying;LI Ning;SONG Ziyuan Jiangsu(Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&Devices,Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM),Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学功能纳米与软物质研究院,江苏省碳基功能材料与器件高技术研究重点实验室,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第5期22-34,共13页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22101194);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20210733);苏州市科技计划项目(ZXL2021447)。

摘　　要：由氨基酸N-羧酸环内酸酐开环聚合得到的聚氨基酸材料是一类重要的生物医用材料。通过功能化单体和聚合后修饰的设计,能够赋予聚氨基酸材料针对内源性和外源性刺激的响应性,使其能够特异性地对组织微环境做出结构响应,实现偶联或包载药物的选择性释放。因此,刺激响应性聚氨基酸材料在药物递送、组织工程、免疫调节和抗菌等生物医学领域具有广泛应用。迄今为止,国内外学者们通过合理的聚氨基酸材料结构设计,实现了针对不同刺激、多种模式的载药纳米颗粒的结构改变,并成功将其应用到癌症等疾病的诊疗中。本综述从聚氨基酸的刺激响应化学出发,总结归纳了不同生理环境下不同模式的纳米药物设计及其在生物医学领域的应用,并对刺激响应性聚氨基酸材料领域的发展提出了自己的理解。Polypeptide materials,obtained by ring-opening polymerization(ROP)of amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides(NCAs),are an important class of biomedical materials.Through the design of functional monomers and post-polymerization modifications,polypeptide materials are able to re-spond to endogenous or exogenous stimuli through structural changes under specific microenvironment,thus selectively releasing the conjugated or encapsulated drugs on demand.Therefore,stimulus-responsive polypeptide materials have a wide range of studies in various biomedical fields such as drug delivery,tissue engineering,immune regulation,and antibacterial applications.Researchers have devoted numerous efforts to the design of stimulus-responsive polypeptide materials for the treatment of cancer and other diseases,aiming to enable versatile structural changes to specific stimuli.Herein we reviewed the development of stimulus-responsive chemistry in polypeptides,summarized the versatile designs of polypeptide-based nanomedicines,and highlighted their biomedical applications.The comments on the future development of stimulus-responsive polypeptides were incorporated at the end of our review.

关 键 词：聚氨基酸 氨基酸N-羧酸环内酸酐 刺激响应性 生物医学应用 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]